Earthquakes in the Northeastern Part of the

VìstníkÈeského .I1eolo.l1ickéhoústavu 72. 1. 1997
Earthquakes in the Northeastern Part of the Bohemian Massif Recorded by the MORC
Station during the Period October 1994 -March 1995
DARJA
SKÁCELOVÁJ
-ZUZ4NA
SKÁCELOVÁ2
-JOSEF
HAVIØ2
lCeský geologický ústav, Klárov 3, 11821 Praha I
2Ústav fyziky Zemì, pøírodovìdecká fakulta, Masarykova Univerzita, Jeèná 29a, 612 46 Brno
A b str ac t. Seismic activity in the territory of the Clech Republicis currently monitoredby a numberof seismologicalstationsanda seismological network. Macroseismiceffects of earthquakesfrom the northeastempart of the BohemianMassif have alreadybeenmentionedin historicalliteratureas earthquakesoriginating in the area of Hrubý Jeseník,Opavaand Sternberk(Remeš1902,Koláèek 1921,Zátopek1939). Up to the year
1994,oRly isolated recentearthquakesin Moravia and Silesia were registeredby the Ostrava-OKC (with continuousanalogregistration)and the
Vranov u Brna -VRAC stationsand oRly strong earthquakeswere registredby other stations,for examplean earthquakefrom the Opavaregion in
June 1993 with a local magnitudeof 1.8 and 2.5 (Holub etal. 1994).The seismologicalstationMORC (Iatitude49°46'36.5", longitude 17°32'33"],
with continuousdigital recording,wasrecentlypUlinto operationin theclose vicinity of MoravskýBerounin October1994(Firbasetal. 1994,1995).
This sensitivestation,built in the frameof the internationalprojekt GEOPHON,wassituatedby designatthe centralareafor earthquakesfrom Opava,
Hrubý Jeseníkand Sternberk,wherea seismologicalstationwasmissing.The MORC stationhasbecomeODeof the most important stationsmonitoring microseismicactivity and the first of al1from the NE part of the BohemianMassif (Havíø,Skácelová1996).
A bs trakt. SeizllÙckáaktivita Ceské republikyje v souèasnédobì sledovánanìkolika seizmologickýllÙstanicemia sítìmi. Již v historických
pramenechjsou popsánymakroseizllÙcképrojevy zemìtøesení,které vznikaly v oblastechHrubéhoJeseníku,Opavskaa Sternberska(Reme§1902,
Koláèek 1921,Zátopek1939). Do roku 1994byly registroványpouzeizolovanétektonickéotøesyna Moravì a ve SlezskustanicemiOstrava-OKC
(vybavenáanalogovýmkontinuálním záznamem)a stanicí Vranov u Brna-VRAC. Jen nìkterá silná zemìtøeseníbyla registrovánai ostatníllÙseizmologickými stanicellÙ,napø.otøesyz Opavskav èervnu 1993s lokálním magnitudem1.8 a 2.5 (Holub et al. 1994). Stanice MORC (Iatitude
49°46'36.5",longitude17"32'331 vybavenáširokopásmovýmdigitálním kontinuálnímzáznamembyla uvedenado provozuv øíjnuroku 1994v blízkosti MoravskéhoBerouna(Firbas etal. 1994,1995).Tato velmi citlivá stanice,vybudovanáv rámci mezinárodníhoprojektu GEOFON,byla zámìrnì umístìnado støeduseizllÙckyaktivních oblastí-Opavsko, Hrubý Jeseníka Sternbersko,kde nebyladosudumístìna žádnáseizmologickástanice.
StaniceMORC se tak stalajednou dùležitých seizmologickýchstanicsledujícíjako první mikroseizmickouaktivitu severovýchodníhookraje Ceského masivu.
Key words:
seismology,tectonic,micro-earthquakes,
Moravia and Silesia,faults.
lntroduction
Earthquake occurrences in Europe are linked to the recent stress field and movements along active seismic fault
zanes. Dne of the most important factors affecting seismic
active zanes in Central Europe is the continuous movement of the Alpine units. Strong earthquakes are most often connected with the active fault zone passing in a NE
direction i.e. from the Eastern Alps to the Western
Carpathians. Strong earthquakes originating in the area of
the Vienna basin were very often observed in the whole
area of southern Moravia and were considered to have originated in Moravia (Remeš 1902).
In the area of the West Carpathians, the fau1tzone passing in the SW-NE direction from Bratislava to Žilina is
also known for the common occurrence of earthquakes.
Dne of the strongest earthquakes was observed in the area
of Dobrá Voda (Malé Karpaty Mts.) in 1906, which reached an intensity of 90 (M.C.S.). The whole active zone
passing from Vienna to Žilina forms an important line of
recent movement of the Alpides.
Another seismically active fault zone in Central Europe
is situated in a NW-SE direction along the Marginal
Sudetic Fault Ic/. Several strong earthquakes connected
with faults of this direction are known in history, for
example an earthquake from the area of the Hronov-Poøíèí
fault zone (1=7°) on 10.1.1901 (Woldøich J.N. 1901) or
from the area of the Niemczy fault zone (1=7°, Paland) on
11.6.1895 (Pagaczewski 1972). Strong historical earthquakes from the area of Hrubý Jeseníkare probably connected
with the Èervená Hora Saddle deep fault zone /II with a NS direction (with pronounced geophysica1 demonstration Èuta et al. 1964) and with faults in the Sudetic direction
(Bìlá Id/, Klepáèov Ie/, Temenice/f/, and Bušín 19!-Fig. 1).
The first reference to strong shocks in trus area is dated
from 998 (Remeš 1902). The latest strong earthquake
swarm from the area of the Hrubý Jeseník Mts. was registered by many seismological stations in autumn 1986
(Procházková 1988). Stations of the local Blahutovice seismological network (seismological network operated by
Geofyzika Brno in the period 1984-1987) in the area of the
Moravia Gateway recorded these earthquakes and they
were localised in the area of the Klepáèov fault passing in
a NW-SE direction, north of Šumperk. Earthquakes from
the area of Opava probably have a connection with the
Sudetic fault area as well. Some previous studies have
concluded that earthquakes from trus area have hypocenters at the interlacing fault zone in NW-SE (for example
Opava deep fault zone lb/) and W-E directed faults
(Jeseníky margin fault Ii/) -see Fig 1. In the Osoblaha area,
49
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>\l
Bulletin ofthe Clech GeoloRicalSurvey72.1.1997
the Sudetic direction faults Ia! are indicated by a great descending gradient and there is a1sosome geological evidence of a great norma1-s1ipa1ongthese faults (Skácel 1980).
In the southem part of the Opava basin, the existence of a
sinking along the Jeseníky margin fault (Wilschowitz
1927, Kumpera 1994) was proved by borehole documentation. The latest strong earthquakes in this area were registered, especia11yby the Ostrava region stations (Holub
et a1. 1994), in June 1993. The Sudetic direction, i.e. NWSE direction, was computed by experimental movement
plane computation (Kaláb et a1.1995).
Another significant active fault also having NW-SE
direction is the Temenice fault in the area of the city of
Štemberk, at the crossing with the Štemberk-Homí
Benešov zone lm! in a NE-SW direction (Fig.l). The most
frequent occurrence of neovulcanites is at the crossing of
this zone and the sudetic direction fault zone (Buday et al.
1995). The oldest described earthquake was in February
1068, while other strong earthquakes were observed in
1635, 1843, 1863, and 1883 (Remeš 1902).
Seismic activity in the contact area ofthe Silesicum and
the Carpathian unit is connected with renewed faults in the
Sudetic direction and with fault systems in the NW-SE direction, recently developed during Alpine folding. Weak
earthquakes from these faults were registred only by the
Blahutovice network stations in the period 1984-1987.
These earthquakes were loca1ised in the area of Oderské
Vrchy and were interpreted as recent seismic activity of the
N-S direction faults (Firbas et a1. 1986).
All above-mentioned historical earthquakes with an intensity ~
1
on the ~.~.S. scale (value of (S:::3 2
macroselsmlC effect~ of. earth- ; ,;;\,:'.,\~~,:
3
quake) are summarlsed ln the
""""" "
Table 1. Fig. 1 shows the tectonic schema with probable epicentres of historical earthquakes
and earthquakes registred by the
E§3
4
[IIIIl]
5
mmmrnn
nIJllllIIllIU
6
MORC station.
From the historical point or
CJ
~/..
7
8
T..,t:r-'."
.l'able HlsronCaJ
eannquakes
/./
9
...'~
10
I(M.
Date
Re ion
~,
998
Hrubý JesenfKI
Feb.l068
Sternberk
1356
Hrubý Jesenfk
1358
Hrubý JesenÍKI
2.7.1635
Sternberk
1.10.1762
Hrubý Jeseník
27.2.1768
Hrubý JesenfkI
1843
Sternberk
IV
1863
Sternberk
Oct.1883
Sternberk
V
11.6.1895
Niemcza
VII
VII
10.1.1901
Hronov
IX
10.1.1906
Dobrá Voda
24.7.1935
Hrubý Jesenfk V
Aug.-Sep. 1986 Hrubý Jesenfk
Aug.1993
50
Opava
\."
O
.13
Seismologicalstations in Moravia and Silesia
Seismologicalstationsoperatedby the IPE were located taking into accounthistoricalobservationsof the seismic activity in Moravia andSilesiaso asto bestdetectand
analyse seismic activity at the NE margin of the
BohemianMassif in the contactareawith the Alpine units
in cooperationwith other seismic stations in the Czech
Republic (seeFig. 2) and neighbouringcountries(Polish
Academyof the Science,ZAMG Wien). The MORC station is situated in the center of the geological unit
Silesicum.The neareststationsare the OKC (42 km) and
the SPF network (56 km) in the eastand the VRAC (85
km), the JAVC (100 km) and the KRUC (115 km) in the
south-see Fig. 2. StationOKC is equippedwith continuousanalogregistrationwith short-perioddigital registration for selectedevents.The SPF network (Frenštátpod
Radhoštìm)usesthe trigger regime (selectionof strong
events)of monitoring and it recordsonly strongearthquakes from the NE part of BohemianMassif. The KRUC
station (Moravský Krumlov) registerssome of earthquakes from Silesia (the distanceis 115 km) and the JAVC
;<\~""..,.
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8.O\'!",
1
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50km
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view earthquakesoriginating in the eastemand northeastem margin of the BohemianMassif show that obvious
that seismicactivity in this areais primarily connectedto
the Peripieninlineamentand the Sudetic direction faults
(Schenket al. 1986,Schenkováet al. 1980).
12
.o...
I'I~
~"!"!".~'~(.l
...,"":::
.II ,.::.:::
~."::. '-..'1
..'
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y
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DO
DO
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DO
Fig.1 Geological situation and earthquakes in the northeastem part of the Bohemian Massif.
I -Quartemary, 2 -Paleogene system and Cretaceous of Carpathian nappes, 3 -epicontinental Cretaceous
of BohefiÙan Massif, 4 -Anthracolithic system, 5 -Lower Carboniferous, 6 -Devonian of Moravia-Silesia
and Brunovistulian including Jeseník and Sobotín Massifs, 7 -crystalline complex (metamorphites and
granites), 8 -faults [in direction NW-SE: a -Osoblaha, b -Opava, c -Margin Sudetic, d -Bìlá, e Klepáèov, f -Temenice, g -Bušiny, h -Nectava-Konice; in direction W-E: i -(Nízký) Jeseník (Kumpera
1994)],9 -overfaults and dislocations including Carpathian nappes [in direction NNE-SSW: j -Nýznerov
(SkáceI1980),j' -Vacetín, k -Rarnzová, 1- Èervená Hora Saddle], 10 -m -Štemberk-Horní Benešov zone, II -seismological station MORC, 12 -epicentres of earthquakes up to August 1994, 13 -epicentres of
earthquakes recorded by MORC (or VRAC)
~
""-.n
$'\
~
51.
18.
o
Vlstnfk ÈeskéhoReolokickéhoústavu72. 1. 1997
station(Velká,Javorina)only monitors strongearthquakes by stationMORC from the NE part of BohemianMassif.
(the weak quakes are damped on the border of the The dataof both (VRAC and MORC) stationsareprocesBohernianMassif and the WestCarpathian).The VRAC
sing together. Station VRAC and MORC are equipped
stationregistersa greatpart of the earthquakesmonitored with broadbandcontinuousdigital registration,with a three componentseismometer.In the period from October
1994to March 1996,togetherwith the MORC station,a
Table 2: Earthquaes from
Va1ašské
Meziøíèíarea
numberof earthquakesfrom the NE part of the Bohemian
MassifwereregisteredattheVRAC station(5 events)and
KRUC station(2 events)-for examplethe local earthquake in Fig. 3.
Positionof the MORC stationimprovedmonitoring of
the seismicactivity in the areaof Nízký JeseníkMts. and
the Opavaregionand,togetherwith the VRAC stationdata, also enablesbetter interpretationof the earthquakes
originating in the northernpart of the Boskovicefurrow.
The most importanteventsaresummarisedin the encTable 3: Earthquakes from Silesia and Moravia
losed list of earthquakes(Table2 and 3). Local magnitude is computedby formule in the documentby Scherbaum
and Stoll (1983).
Tectonic eartbquakesin Moravia and Silesia recorded
by MORC in tbe period October 1994-Marcb 1996
The area o• the southernmargin o• the Nízký Jeseník
Mts.
During 16 months of operation, the MORC station registered severa1 tectonic earthquakes from the southern
margin of Nízký Jeseník. A1together 6 events were loca1ised into the epicentral area about 16-18 km north of the city of Šternberk at the crossing zone of the Šternberk-Horní Benešov fault zone in the NW-SE direction
and the prolongation of the Temenice fault direction. The
strongest of these 6 earthquakes (26.1.1996) had the local
magnitude 0.9 and was also recorded by the VRAC and
KRUC stations.
The latest earthquake was registered on 10.3.1996 and
was localised at a more southern area than preceding ones,
12.
I-
13.
.;
14.
15.
",,"";
19.
17"
, '",
..Station
51'
Fig.2 Seisrnological stations and networks in the CzechRepublic.
1 -seisrnologicalstation.2 -seisrnological network
The stationsoperatedby the Institute of
Physicsof theEarth. MasarykUniversity 50.
in Brno -MORC. VRAC. KRUC. JAVC
andTEME. KRAS network.The stations
operatedby the GeophysicalInstitute of
the Czech Acaderny of Science-PRU.
KHC. DPC and commonWEBNET network with the Institute of the Structure
andthe MechanicsofRocks ofthe Czech 49.
Acadernyof Science.The station of the
TechnicalUniversity in Ostrava -OKC
and the SPF network operated by the
Institut of Geonika of the Czech
Acadernyof Sciencein Ostrava
12.
1~.
.Network
AJ
/"
~s
~WEBNErPlzeÏ
Praha
c& PRU
50.
MORC
...~
~~
SPF.
51
~~:
Bulletin O/tM Clech GeoloRicalSurvey72. 1. 1997
Local earthquake 10.3.1996
..'~I
I
I
I
,
I
I
I
I
approximatelythe same area as
weak tectonic eventsregistered
I
.'I
I
I
I '
["MORÈ/z---t v"'IIt~...~i
I
lIlI'
i._~Q~~sJ 1-""t"'I.~"~
I MORC/EW
I
!
~~}--"""~j,.,,.--~;,e",
~~J~.
.cO",
*~#~.!.,
I
00:02:30
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
:50
Blahutovice
network
(Firbas et aJ.1987).Other events
from the sameepicentraldistance were localised into the southern marginof the OpavaBasin.
This areais situatedclose to the
Jeseníkyfault and it was alsothe
epicentralarea of severalevents
registered in 1993. The maximum local magnitude of these
events recorded by the MORC
stationwas 1.1 and their signals
wererecordedby the VRAC station as well.
Tectonicactivity in the contact
areaofthe BohemianMassifand
the Carpathianswas observedin
1994.On 9.8.1994,an earthquake swarm from the areabetween
Hranice na Moravì and Valašské
Meziøíèí was recorded. The
MORC station(it was in test-measurement)registered 9 earthquakes during 6 hours (tab.3).
The two strongest earthquakes
had local magnitudesof 1.1 and
1.5andwerealsorecordedby the
SPF network (Kaláb 1994).
"::';~.'f..'~~~~,;,I"I;~~~~
:40
the
The contactarea
of the BohemianMassif
and the Carpatianfront
~~~ .~
I KRUC/EWI.
I
by
I
I
I
I
:03:00
-L-J
The northern part of
Boskovice furrow
the
Tlme (hr:min:sec)
Fig.3Signalofthe localearthquake
10.3.1996
onthestationsMORC,VRACandKRUC.
in the vicinity of the city of Olomouc. The direct prolongation of the Bušiny fault, the so called Olomouc-PøeTav
fault, passesclo se to this area. The local magnitude of this
earthquake was 0.7 and it was also recorded by the VRAC
and KRUC stations (Fig. 3).
The areaof OderskéVrchy and the area
of the southernmarginof the OpavaBasin
The MORC stationalsoregistered4 eventsoriginating
about22-26km from the station.Basedon the polarization ana1ysis,ODeof theseeventswas identified as a weak
tectonic earthquakefrom the area of OderskéVrchy, in
52
.";::I~.::i~jl".:""":""
~
IKRU-CINS!
Seismic activity of the nort-
hern part of the Boskovice furrow has been registered since 1993, when the VRAC
station's continuous recording started. During the 3 years
of operation of the VRAC station, 4 tectonic earthquakes
from the vicinity of Jevíèko and Moravská llebová were
identified.
Two events of the earthquake swarm from the area of
Jevíèko in January 1993 had a local magnitude of 1.8 and
1.9 (Havíø, pazdírková 1995) and they were also recorded
by the DPC station, by the stations of the SPF and by the
Temelín network stations in south Bohemia (see Fig.2),
which allowed for a very good localisation. These earthquakes originated in the area at the crossing of the
Konice-Nectava faults and the northern prolongation of
the eastern margin of the Boskovice furrow.
53
Vìstnfk Ceského~eolo~jckéhoústavu72, 1, 1997
A weak earthquake from the area of Moravská
1øebováwasregisteredby the MORC station.This earthquakewaslocalisedto the Konice-Nectavafault zone,bul
in its more NW part.
Conclusion
Earthquakes in the northern part of the Bohemian
Massif are linked to the crossings of the Variscian fault
systems in the NNE-SSW direction and the Sudetic faults
in the NW-SE direction, especially in the area of Hrubý
Jeseník (the Èervená Hora Saddle deep fault zone and the
Bìlá-Klepáèov fault system crossing area) and to the north
of Šternberk (the Šternberk-Horní Benešov fault zone and
the Temenice fault crossing area). In the Opava area, earthquakes are tied to the Sudetic direction faults (Opava deep
fault zone) and to the W-E direction faults (Jeseníky margin fault). Weak seismic activity in the area of Oderské
Vrchy and Valašské Meziøíèí (the crossing area of the
Sudetic faults with the fault systems lhal were newly developed during Alpine folding) was recorded as well.
Earthquakes originating in some of the above described areas were mentioned in historical sources and they
are currently being monitored by sensitive seismological
stations with continuous recording which enables detection of even very weak earthquakes. This monitoring brings
unique information about the seismic activity in the region lhal can be used for detailed studies and geological interpretation.
The felicitous position and up-to-date equipment of
the MORC station ensured its overriding importance in
the area of the NE Bohemian Massif. During its operation
earthquakes were recorded from areas known for their historical seismic activity as well as from areas where earthquakes had not been registered up to 1994 -see Fig. 1
(Firbas et al. 1996). The MORC station enables the more
precise location of earthquakes in cooperation with other
stations in the Ostrava region and southern Moravia.
Localisation of the newly registered seismic activity from
the area of the northern part of the Boskovice furrow,
which, up to now, had only been interpreted by the VRAC
station data, is a good example.
The registration and interpretation of tectonic earthquakes can be a great contribution to the knowledge ofrecent motions along fault zanes and as a follow up to the
current geological survey ofthe NE part or the Bohernian
Massif.
Acknowledgements:
The authors wish to thank the Grant
Agency of the Clech Republic (project number 205/93/2143)and
GeoforschungsZentrum
Potsdam,which financially supportedthis project.
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