(Asclepiadaceae) Malayan species. Ridley`s 21, two

Transkript

26(1980)81-126
BLUMEA
The Peninsular Malayan species of Dischidia
(Asclepiadaceae)
R.E.
Rintz
Summary
A critical
is
study
reductions.
Dischidia
acutifolia subsp.
of 23
given
and there
discussed,
is
key
a
subulata
klossii
the
subsp.
(Ridl.)
of Dischidia.
species
to
species.
Full
angustata
Rintz comb.
The
ecology, morphology,
attention
subsp.
nov.
is
paid
to
and floral
D. klossii
is described;
biology
resulting
synonomy,
in
are
many
Ridl. is reduced to D.
nov.
Introduction
In 1923
within
As. Soc.
doesn't
2
Beng. 74,
seem
to
2:402) recognized
and
Malaya
of the work of
expansion
(J.
Mai. Pen.
Ridley (fl.
peninsular
Singapore.
Hooker/. (Fl.
(1908) 580),
to
identical
to
species
Brit. Ind. 4,
(Malesia 2,
those cited
of
Dischidia, occurring
treatment
1884:
which he added
have consulted Beccari
species being obviously
24
Ridley's
a
was
and
49)
number of
1886:
248),
uncritical
an
King
new
& Gamble
He
species.
several of Beccari's
but the latter makes
by Ridley,
no
mention of synonomy.
While
Ridley's
504) published
3:
347)
published
a
approach
critical
taken
many of which
In this
study
by
a
authors has resulted in
number of
species
from
known
23
at
my
*
Phil. Fl. PI.
(in Craib,
one
Fl. Siam. En.
was
3, 1: 42)
numbers of endemic
species occurring
to
the
problem
were
in other
of synonomy,
to
(Fl.
The very local
species.
species,
areas.
it affects the
as
21,
two
having
omitted for lack of information. In addition,
have been found identical
areas
given
several
known from
large
to
name
priority
Malayan
newly described species
here described
work, however,
Neither
over
species
the
have
peninsular
to
a
Malayan
Ridley
used.
subsequently
been
names
have been added for
a
total number of
Malaya.
of 1
of intensive field study in
paper is the result
year
species
Univ.
As. Soc. 84:
have been reduced in number
neighbouring
distributions of
species currently
This
given
species
synonomy and
extended. Also two
23
24
and 5 of these have been
species,
The
identical
attention has been
to
species.
Str. Br.
of the Thai species and in 1965 Backer & Bakhuizen
probably
Malayan species. Ridley's
been reduced
Philippine
Roy.
and in 1923 (En.
(J.
rather uncritical review of the Javan
most
are
the
1921
species,
synonomy. In 1951 Kerr
to
account
262) published
approach
in progress, Merrill in
was
enumeration of the Bornean
enumeration of
an
critical in its
Java 2:
work
an
Malaya. Eighteen
collected and 12 of the 15 lowland species
were
of the
grown
house near Kuala Lumpur. All of the pertinent material in the herbaria at the
of
Current
Malaya
address:
(KLU),
17374
Millar
Forest
rd.,
Mt.
Research
Institute
Clemens, Michigan,
(KEP), Singapore
U.S.A. 48043
Botanic
82
BLUMEA
Gardens
Kew
(SING),
examined.
Pertanian
My
VOL.
26.
I.
no.
1980
Museum (BM), Berlin
collection
where
the
living material,
and Leiden
(B),
(L)
was
divided between L and the Universiti
was
Malaysia (UPM) herbarium,
illustrated from
were
(K), British
personal
own
-
I worked.
remaining
of the
Eighteen
five from material
at
species
K, L and
SING.
ECOLOGY
The genus
Malaya
and
the
along
or
in
banks,
ridges,
on
orchards,
find
common to
as
many
as
4
or
1 —10
above the
m
cloud covered,
above the
more
In
they
Malaya
species along
occur
comprises
particularly
species, however,
encountered from
predominantly
on
Table
only
1.
The
mountain
a
occur
sealevel
species,
1000
to c.
to
can
m
in both
1700
c.
be
attempts
topographical
to
grow, and
distributions
frequently
1.
1.
D.
D.
albiflora
albiflora
2.
D.
acutifolia
3.
D.
bengalensis
4.
of the
2.
in
the
plants
Malayan species
(above
Dischidia
and
die after 6
usually
11..
areas.
m
D.
m or
would
—
Species
1000 m)
2
D.
albida
D. albida
D.
astephana
D.
longepedunculala
longepedunculata
D.
D. cochleata
4.
D.
subulata
D. subulata
5.
D.
5.
5.
D.
6.
6.
D.
6.
6.
D.
rhodantha
D. rhodantha
7.
D. hirsuta
hirsuta
7.
D. scortechinii
scortechinii
8.
D. imbricata
8.
8.
D. dolichantha
dolichantha
9.
D.
D.
9.
D.
D.
complex
fruticulosa
major
10.
D. nummularia
11
11..
D.
D. punctata
12.
D.
singaporensis
13.
D.
superba
14.
14.
D. tomentella
Occurs less
commonly
above
1000
m.
Occurs less
commonly
below
1000
m.
parvifolia
parvifolia
vadosa
1).
found
bengalensis
albida,
cease
though
as
well,
species
in
blooming,
8 months.
of Dischidia.
Table
are
lowlands
3.
1
(see
cultivate mountain
to
Mountain
Mountain
Species
1000 m)
m)
1
2
to
tree,
abundantly
are
eight species
and
found
limestone hills. Numerous attempts
feeble
Lowland
Lowland
(below
same
the tops of the trees, often 30
m to
the lowlands failed. Once collected and relocated, the
make
which
forests,
high
100 m of river bank
both lowland and mountain species
only from Sealevel
above 1000 m. Two
commonly
from 1
the
on
seem to occur most
In the mountain
abundantly
occur
on
often host
are
ground.
Dischidia
Thirteen species
only
occur
ground.
and
hills,
parks
often
species
5 different
and
throughout
occur
Trees and bamboos
areas.
limestone
plantations,
mountain trail. In the lowland forests Dischidias
from
is
trees
species
The
well-lighted
of Dischidias. Several different
growths
and it is
as
abundant in
river
along
well
as
comprises only epiphytes.
particularly
are
coasts,
mountains,
dense
Dischidia
R.
E.
Rintz:
The Peninsular
COMPARATIVE
Stems
and
thickness
from
D.
1
Most
bengalensis.
those of D.
Roots.
c.
D.
tomentella are
Dischidias
with
these
roots
hirsuta,
rooting
freely
branch
Species
held closely
are
in
Malayan species
glabrous
or
lens-shaped
There is
a
gland
with entire
10
—
occupied
development
to
Both
roots.
pitcher
the
D.
but
maturity,
D.
and D.
complex
D.
These
tree.
the nodes, and
at
beneath the
areas
e.g.
stem.
surface of the
only
roots
the
to
major
adjacent
provide
a
unique
are
and restricted roots, the
spreading
leaves and
ovate or
the upper surface
on
There is
tree on
by
1
a
clusters and
next
ramifies
which the
Plants
ants.
Dischidia. Two
are
2
—
therein. All parts of the
ramify
convex
on
ovate
this
complex
D.
leaves
on
throughout
occurs
become
they
Most leaves
and D.
are
borne
pubescent
The four
leaves,
declines with
or
species
and
entirely
species
are
growing
red in
deep
retuse
a
exposed
long-lived,
lifetime. At any
one
development
racemes
are
produced
double;
3
imbricata.
at
In
are
and may bear
from small buds
and
even
intervals. In
4
racemes
at
the
the apex.
2
species,
well
as
as
the
D. fruticulosa
oppositely
stems
vesture
on
the
also have
of the
leaves
oldest leaves.
species
become
while the leaves of mountain
situation.
to
borne
100
1
or
—
most
on a
more
during
raceme.
its functional
present, and these may
are
flowers. In
some
species
in others small umbels of flowers
species
occasionally
spirally-elongating
flowers
8 flowers
fully opened
continuously producing flowers;
irregular
open
As these leaves
margins.
at
cases
sunlight,
into
tight
readily occupied by
green. The leaves of lowland
in direct
genus
into each leaf and
having pubescent
most
the
leaves in
are
the
to
frequently
this type is flat in x-section
glabrous. Only
alternately
are
outline,
incorporated
leaves
grows
leaves
apex and entire
as
in
placed
pitcher
root
absent from the
time, however, only
range in
The
single
pitcher
cited
Inflorescence. Dischidia flowers
is
margins.
appressed
formed is
produce pitcher
bengalensis;
are
when young.
most
buff brown when
raceme
a
bear leaves both
is often
age, and
become
stems.
D.
on
species previously
The shade leaves of
yellow
formerly
were
petiole;
oppositely
least
at
closely
cavity
round in x-section and obtuse
nearly
superba, commonly
plant.
held
are
and D. major,
elongate
only
essentially
above the base
projection just
and the
growing,
the empty interior. The
A fourth leaf type
are
in x-section and orbicular in
conical
long,
group
the attachment of the
to
species they
in outline, withentire
the basis of leaf shape, but have since been
species,
flat,
in
is
most
elliptical
the base of the blade. A smaller group of
at
mm
plant
and oblanceolate in outline, with
The
of
while those of
the surface of the tree, and
both
producing
in x-section and
Conchophyllum Bl.,
same
at
hirsute,
in
range
stems
lenticular leaves,
along
cm
the upper surface of each blade. The leaves
age
least
are
or
imbricata,, produce
4 distinct types of leaves. In
are
margins.
surface of the
ants.
They
succulent
at
stems,
with flat
appressed
has shell-like leaves which
species
base
slender.
the
contain latex.
Leaves. There
on
in
mm
longepedunculata
for 5
spread
e.g. D.
leaves,
latter of which grow down into the
flat
4
the nodes and irregularly along the
at
dark, humid environment for the
plant
and
long
are
c.
Species
types.
restricted in their
leaves. The leaves
among the
to
and D.
both
roots
and may
convex
are
stems
vadosa
tomentose.
have 2
nummularia,produce
roots
D.
MORPHOLOGY
have smooth,
species
astephana,
Dischidia
in
mm
83
Malayan species of Dischidia
the
raceme
occur
on
is
a
simple
single
but in
the
are
some
it is
in
D.
peduncle
BLUMEA
84
The
to c.
borne
or
of the
peduncle
10
long
cm
in D.
the
erect at
varies in
raceme
and D.
complex
with the
nodes,
VOL.
-
26.
length
1.
no.
1980
from
nearly
In
longepedunculata.
of the flowers
apices
in both D. hirsuta and D. punctata the
upward. However,
Flower. The flower is 5-merous and
and often has
small,
either
narrowly
throat,
or
are
broadly,
or
and the
species,
in the
gland
a
held
and afford
straight,
Broadly
urceolate corollas
strongly
reflexed corolla lobes and little
easily
with
orbicular
convex
The
outer
astephana,
D.
muricate,
surface
and in
inner
D.
red
or
throat. The
of the
vesture
on
corolla
Seven
of these latter six
the
hairs
borne either
both the lobes and the
glabrous lobes,
a
pubescent throat,
an
host
of the
is
species
colonies of
to
and
few
a
lobal and
throat
pubescent only
villous
sparsely
Three
erect.
or
D.
single species,
a
have
ones.
nearly glabrous within,
are
D.
have
species
lobes;
full
to
In
glabrous.
surface of the throat
red
none
or
horizontally
and
and all have
outside. Most
varies from
throat,
two
and
outer
and six
lobes,
species
the
gynostegium
greenish-yellow
from
entirely
are
the
with
have
varies
species
smooth
often
species
two
that all but
puberulous
are
most
exposing
lobes.
rhodantha,
corollas,
The
vesture.
commonly
are
generally
the inner surface of the
on
vesture
with
hirsute,
pubescent
the lobes
and
noteworthy
in
occur
Malayan species,
inner
no
between the
corolla is
yellow
corollas,
pubescence (see Fig. 2).
pubescent only
the
major
white
predominantly
The
of
or
calyx
fleshy and,
into the corolla tube.
opening
meager
which
species
openings
D. punctata, and D.
hirsuta,
predominantly
i.e.
leaves,
narrowest
a
reflexed,
The
1).
reflexed, thereby
four of the
only
visible through the wide throat. It is
ants, have the
is
occur
in
only
is
peduncle
urceolate corollas
strongly
is
downward.
of the lobes. The corolla is
Narrowly
either
are
peduncle
horizontally
radially symmetrical (see Fig.
angles
urceolate.
corolla lobes
or
bengalensis
the
either
pointing
and the apices of the flowers point either horizontally
is
absent in D.
most cases
six
are
on
the
densely
to
species
are
hirsuta,
has
additional ring of patent hairs between
the base of the corolla and the throat.
The corolline
species which
distinct lobes
corona
have
on
occurs
convex
the
in
or
long,
bifid lobes
it
pitcher
occurs
leaves,
as
and
downward like
major
an
all
it
the leaves
are
occurs
annulus.
as
All
located
stalked, and have 2 incurved
parallel
Fig.
1
to
the stamens, and
or
are
not
away.
—
b.
top
pollinium (D. subulata).
is
corona
very well
into the
and
immediately
with 5
developed,
chamber.
gynostegial
five small lobes and in D. cochleata and D.
have
species
by
lend themselves
directly
those
consists of five
annulus in the inner throat of the
an
stalagtites
coronas.
ants.
convex
In
to
D.
orbicular
parvifolia,
occurs
colonization
as
by
or
D.
distinct
ants.
The staminal corona is composed
behind each
stamen.
These
They
reflexed lobes
at
the apex.
often referred
to
in the literature as
A representative flower of the
genus Dischidia
corolla cut
with,
in
mostly
commonly
in which the corolline corona also
flat and do
appendages,
as
colonized
Most Dischidias have similar staminal
of hyaline
Malayan species,
leaves. It
of these
regularly
are
singaporensis , and D. superba,
lobes,
occur
the corolline
astephana
projected
In D. imbricata and D.
albiflora
pitcher,
inner surface of the corolla alternate
below, the corolla lobes. It may also
corolla tube. In D.
of the
1/3
c.
orbicular,
(D. nummularia).
—
view with the upper corolla cut
away.
c.
—
a.
are
appendages
generally
are
borne
anchor-shaped.
Side view with
median sectional view.
part
—
of the
d. twin-
R. E.
Rintz:
The
Peninsular
Malayan speeies of Dischidia
85
BLUMEA
86
Fig.
2.
Corolla
and
corolla
vesture
types in
-
VOL.
the
26,
no.
1.
Malayan species
1980
of Dischidia.
R. E.
The
e.g.
this
rhodantha,
D.
Peninsular
is
appendage
below each coronal
Immediately
species,
Rintz:
is
gland
which
gland
a
knob
pubescent
a
87
In
secrets nectar.
a
few
below each coronal
just
appendage.
unusual staminal
Several
coronas
Dischidia. In D. vadosa the coronal
and
apex,
appendages
short-stalked and
are
D. parvifolia there are
The
anther
developed
There are
difference
in
are
in
Less
the
commonly,
but
corpuscle,
of
Follicle. There
an
four
in D. albida and many
acute
apex. The color is
others the follicle is
color is
c.
c.
7
golden yellow
x c
x
1
cm,
The anther
and is
in color. In
c.
shade of
are
Germination is
comose.
and
0.2
—
0.5
red.
or
to
major
the
broadly triangular
longer
than
commonest
type
or
3
c.
deep
terete, and with
cm,
In D.
blunt apex. The
0.5
x
and three
major
a
half-terete
cm,
red. In D.
in x-section, and with
species of Dischidia
the
species,
most
of follicle. The
green
flat
bottom.
to
and three others it is
both D. cochleata and D. parvifolia it is held
The seeds
In
either shorter
x
the
A notable
broad,
a
Malayan Dischidias,
are
to
the well
very small.
are
corpuscle
6— 10
due
to
gynostegium.
caudicles.
apex. The coloris green
most
and
corona,
This is
reniform in x-section, and with
deeply triangular
cm,
of the
the caudicles
astephana
an acute
bifid
coronal
D. imbricata, and
developed
shape.
wings
in the
of the
length
a
the
is short-truncate, with
distinguishable types
usually
shallowly
the anthers, and
the base of the
at
length
others,
a
superba
astephana,
in
by
uniform width from top
0.5
green. In D.
usually
in x-section, and with
follicle is
5
conical
twin-pollinium
however,
nearly
are
out
twice the
approximately
with
D.
of a well
enclosed
gynostegium
and
shape
In D.
place
generally
the anthers.
by
basic forms of
two
being
caudicles
occurs
is
In
stamens.
classified under
currently
spatulate
all.
usually entirely
which flare
wings
covered
stigma closely
shape.
is
at
corona
is D. vadosa in which the
exception
the
which
stigma,
no
species
are
saddle-shaped.
in Dischidia
gynostegium
conical
the
to
smallbifid lobes in
only
has
longepedunculata
D.
perpendicular
borne
are
in
occur
appendages
superba
acute
an
the follicle is held
pendant,
the
It is
apex.
but in
erect.
with
rapid
no
apparent resting period.
POLLINATION
Pollination in Dischidia
formed
and
by
the anther
color of the
flowers
urceolate corolla with
ideally
suited
seem so
a
placed
filiform
it could
to
the
its
moths
suggest
often
and/or
proboscis
in
a
were
corpuscle
on
wings,
and
so
not
the
vectors.
as
structure
The
but
to
facilitate the
the up stroke, and
pull
twin-pollinium
a
a
passage
probing
is
of
manner,
twin-pollinium
free.
into the groove formed
the flower. It follows that the flowers
pollinate
pale
inner surface,
the stiff lobal and throat hairs
inserted into the corolla in
a
into the groove
observed,
butterflies
hinder the entry of small insects,
If the
easily lodge
the anther
twin-pollinium
was
mouth, and pubescent
narrow
Another down and up motion could insert
by
a
lepidopterous proboscis. Indeed,
to
as
object.
the insertion of
requires
wings. Although pollination
are
self-
pollinated.
Dischidia flowers
are
vectors
This
of
theory,
pollinia. Any
the
length
are
frequently
pollination (Ong
however,
ant
small
of the
visited
Siew
overlooks the
enough
to
twin-pollinia.
by
Ling,
size
negotiate
It
is
ants, and this has led
Master's
Thesis,
relationship
to
claims that
between
ants
within the flower would be
unlikely
that such
ants
1974, Univ. of Malaya).
an
ant
c.
could
and
3
x
twinor
less
accidently
88
-
BLUMEA
dislodge
insert
a
would
Dischidia in
require
1
over
1.
no.
long
as
as
same
insect.
larger
huts for
and
/3
of the
wings
much
a
moth-proof
both flowers
though
1
firmly-held twin-pollinium
it between the anther
process
VOL. 26.
1980
itself,
or
might
I
and
proceed
to
add that I
grew
year without their
accidently
flower. Such
neighbouring
setting
12
species
a
of
single fruit,
a
abundant.
ants were
TAXONOMY
The
of this
scope
actually
disparate
a
Dischidia
pollinium.
similar to that in D.
twin-pollinia
is
and
twin-pollinia,
D.
punctata,
Section
of
follicles
is
Conchophyllum
D.
albida,
pollinia,
D.
are
very
same
natural
D.
to
some
or
Conchophyllum,
D.
to
this
group
by
corona
peduncles, corollas,
leaves
discontinuity
of
staminal
a
longepedunculata,
no
doubt
in
structure
similaritiesin
of 4
a
and
as to
the
in staminal coronal
species,
D.
all of which have flat
delimiting
gynostegia,
hirsuta,
D.
leaves.
ovate
tenable.
with
scortechinii
form natural
Dischidia
acutifolia
identical flowers and
nearly
have similar
holds for D. minor and D.
seem
in
relationships apparent.
closely related,
which
parvifolia
distinct for
very
leaves, and
related
is linked
singaporensis,
longer
monticola and
D.
and the
in section
longepedunculata
major
sections, but
have convex-orbicular
with 2 different forms of twin-
similarity
insignificance
a
D.
There are several othernatural
fruticulosa
The
and D.
Dischidia
no
closely
while their total
the
to
and
more
of the
which
has pitcher
structures.
species.
rhodantha,
which
complex
indicative
revision
a
species
containing species
actually
relationship,
between
relationships
is
,
between D.
closeness of their
characters
group
complex,
both of these
species lacking
made. The
commonly placed together
are
major.
small for
too
was
were
and which
pitcher leaves,
are
study
observations
interesting
bengalensis,
pairs.
The
and
gynostegia
and for D.
remaining
and D.
twin-pollinia;
twin-
albiflora and
species
are
too
speculation.
GEOGRAPHY
The
known
distributions of the
Malayan
species
of Dischidia
vague, due to unresolved synonomy and insufficient collecting.
distributions
Malaya
are
in
presented
are
endemic. Of the
Sumatra. Java has
13,
and
ramaining
species
in
common
with
east
Malaya,
Some leaves
b. All leaves
2a.
flat
or
in
species occurring
occur
common
of these 2
areas.
with
Malaya,
and the
India-Assam has only
and New Guinea-Australia 4.
THE SPECIES
2
lenticular
3
4.
14.
D.
D.
major
complex
4
convex
or
within
in Borneo and 11 in
lanceolate-ovate
b. Pitcher leaves orbicular
b. Leaves flat
west
23
13 also
approximate
pitcher-shaped
convex,
Pitcher leaves
3a. Leaves
of the
species,
species
and
KEY TO
la.
Eight
17
Thailand 9
numbers decrease rapidly both
5
Table 2.
somewhat
are
Their
lenticular
8
R.
E.
Rintz:
The
Peninsular
§X®
\VvV\- Ai>>
\
\vV
wx
<0
A
X^VO-Van
\<S>
Malayan species of
ys>
\<S>
yi.\<
\
<s>
\V
\
D
\
\o
\
\V
x*
1x
(
V
V
\®*
\o
89
Dischidia
®
o\
\
V
X
\®a
x
\
X
acutifolia
D.
albida
D.
albiflora
D.
astephana
D.
bengalensis
D.
X
A
X
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
cochleata
o
o
o
o
D.
complex
o
D.
fruticulosa
o
D.
hirsuta
D.
imbricata
D.
longepedunculata
D.
major
D.
subulata
D.
nummularia
D.
parvi folia
D.
punctata
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
11
13
8
6
6
4
4
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
rhodantha
o
D.
scortechinii
D.
singaporensis
D.
superba
D.
tomentella
D.
tubuliflora
o
D.
vadosa
o
Total:
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
D.
\
V
V
<S>
D.
\®
o
o
o
5
5
Table
9
2
o
23
BLUMEA
90
4a. Plant
b. Plant
5a.
hirsute,
than
b. Peduncles
7a.
10
Peduncles less
Corolla lobes
b. Corolla lobes
8a.
Leaves
1
b. Leaves
10a.
b.
1 la.
b.
1.
1980
5
1
6
2.
long
cm
13.
long
cm
3
—
7
1/4—1/3
as
long
as
the tube
1/2
as
long
as
the tube
2/3
—
1.
D. cochleata
9.
9
10
19
long
cm
6.
retuse
D. rhodantha
acute
11
12
Peduncles
13
erect
b. Plant
8.
glabrous
13a. Pedicels 7—10
Pedicels 2
—
3
7.
c.
3>x 2.5
mm
b! Corolla
c.
2x4.5
mm
Internodes
16a. Plant
b. Plant
14
15
10.
than 4
16
17.
more
b. Corolla
17
than
less than
1
1
20.
long
cm
18
long
cm
19.
b. Corolla ovoid
b.
Leaves
20a.
Leaves
more
b.
Leaves
5.
c.
elliptical
3
or
as
b. Peduncles
more
22a. Corolla lobes
b. Corolla lobes
x
long
as
than
as
wide
.
.
Dischidia
Bl.,
.
21b.
D. acutifolia
cm
or
—
Bijdr. (1826) 1060; Mus.
D. subulata
reflexed
23
21a.
Fig.
superba
22
12.
D. acutifolia ssp. acutifolia
visible above
cochleata Bl.
D.
long
not
klossii
21
23.
long
reflexed
partially
ssp.
wide
cm
1
strongly
not
singaporensis
D. scortechinii
20
long
as
Leaf veins visible above
b. Leaf veins
D. albida
ovate
than 4
x
D.
18.
Peduncles less than 0.5
D. cochleata
D. dolichantha
cylindrical
19a. Leaves lanceolate
1.
D. tomentella
glabrous
18a. Corolla
23a.
D. vadosa
D. nummularia
long
cm
tomentose
17a. Corolla
21a.
parvifolia
D.
11.
16.
long
cm
more
D. punctata
long
mm
15a. Internodes 1 —3
D. hirsuta
long
mm
14a. Corolla
b.
bengalensis
lanceolate
or
12a. Plant hirsute
b.
D. albiflora
D.
Peduncles reflexed
Apex
of leaf
D. imbricata
long
than 3
more
3.
15.
elliptical,
astephana
longepedunculata
long
cm
cm
Apex of leaf
D.
D.
long
cm
Leaves oblanceolate
b. Leaves ovate,
9a.
no.
when young
than 0.8
1 —4
VOL. 26,
all stages
at
Peduncles less
b. Peduncles 56a.
least
at
glabrous
-
22.
D. fruticulosa
3.
Bot.
Lugd.
Bat. 1
(1850) 148,
f. 27.
—
T y p
e
: Java,
Blume 1692
(L).
D. coccinea
(M.V.).
Griff.,
Notul.
4(1854) 192;Icon.
PI. As.
3(1854)t.
409.
—
Type: Malaya, Malacca, Griffith
R.
Stem
1.5
3x2
—
Rintz:
Roots
glabrous.
orbicular,
E.
glabrous,
cm,
conical
projection. Inflorescence
raceme
simple; pedicels
3
inside,
4x3
—
mm,
2
with
with
an
the
1/2
and
long,
Corolla tube
1.5
c.
Leaves
a
peduncle
erect
on
glabrous.
2 incurved
of the
length
Uncommon
2/3 of
Notes.
7 flowered
leaves.
base with
c.
convex-
long
mm
0.5
long;
cm
entirely glabrous
tube red
long;
mm
1
c.
or
orange,
annulus in the throat of the tube. Corona appendages
with
lobes; stigma
Follicle
corpuscle.
the
to
rare
Peninsula;
and
Malaya, Java,
Distribution. Sumatra,
Ecology.
Pahang,
below;
capitate
a
2.5
c.
x
0.4
apex.
half-
cm,
erect.
terete, green,
southern
beneath the
to
purple
muricate lobes
cordate apex and
a
Caudicles less than
—
mm
erect
lobes blue; corolline corona
stalked
3
—
1
91
restricted
nodal,
3
—
The Peninsular
on
seen
in
trees
in
once
Borneo.
lowland and
hill
forests
from
reported
Selangor;
in
the
Malacca,
Singapore.
Blume's type is without flowers, but
his
matches Griffith's
drawing
drawing exactly.
2.
D.
Dischidia
astephana
Scort.
Malacca,
Bujong
Scort.
astephana
King
ex
&
Gamble,
Scortechini
1897
J. As.
Hill,
Stem and
stricted
ridged
raceme
leaves
13176
Bot. Jahrb. 40.
c.
2
Leaves
mm
c.
Corona
dicles
by
Type: Malaya. Perak,
(1908)
6.
—
Type: Malaya,
with
glabrous
c.
age.
Roots
2.5
2.5
x
1 —4 flowered
2
on
peduncle
Corolla tube
long, pubescent.
mm
erect
c.
a
c.
5x1
ring
shorter
Perak,
nodal,
2
c.
than
Follicle
the corpuscle.
mm
0.5
mm
re-
strongly
cm,
cm
long
to
long
long;
with
the base
deep red, interspaced by deep blue;
to
of white hairs; corollinecorona of 5
recumbent, broadly spatulate and bilobed
appendages
narrow,
—
long, prominently 5-angled, narrowing abruptly
dense
a
92
convex-orbicular,
of the lobes; angles and lobes yellow-orange
throat closed
582.
(1908)
bullate above between the veins; base with
Inflorescence
simple; pedicels
reflexed lobes
Beibl.
hirsute, often becoming
purple below,
projection.
2
Beng. 74,
4.
(n.v.).
beneath the leaves.
to
and
conical
Schlecliter
Soc.
Fig.
—
(n.v.).
Conchophyllum angulatum Schltr., Engl.
Maxwell's
& Gamble.
King
ex
3
c.
x
0.5
deeply
at
the
bifid lobes.
Cau-
apex.
half-terete, red,
cm,
pendent.
Distribution.
entire branches. Occurs
on
elevation for Dischidia in
ants.
3.
D.
Often
growing
on trees
in mountain forests, often
the summit of
Malaya.
imbricata
depressa
Clarke
K. D.
Stem
ex
glabrous.
orbicular,
c.
2
Nomencl.
Bijdr. (1826)
King
1115
x
Tahan
in association with D. albida, D.
(BL.) Steud.,
Maingay
Gunong
&
ed.
1060.
Gamble,
II,
—
completely enclosing
at c.
2200
The hollows beneath the leaves
Dischidia imbricata (BL.) Steud.
imbricatum Bl.,
D.
and Borneo.
Malaya
Abundant
Ecology.
—
1
Fig.
the
highest
inhabited by
and D.
vadosa.
5.
(1840) 519;
Type: Java,
J. As. Soc.
parvifolia
m,
are
DC., Prod. 8
Blume
Beng. 74,
2
s.n.
(1844)
632.
—
Conchophyllum
(L.).
(1908)
582.
—
T
y p
e
: Malaya, Malacca,
(K).
Roots
2.5
cm,
nodal,
deep
restricted
to
red below with
beneath the
a
green
leaves.
margin;
Leaves
base with
a
convexc.
1
mm
92
BLUMEA
long
conical
1 —2.5
tube
3x4
c.
with
mm
lobes.
minute
lobes
erect
2
c.
mm
1980
1.
1—4 flowered
often multi-fid; pedicels
raceme
with reflexed white
2
no.
projection, glabrous. Inflorescence
long;
cm
VOL. 26,
-
2
c.
mm
erect
on
long, pale yellow;
inside surface of lobes
corolline corona of 5 shallow lobes. Corona
hairs;
Caudicles
narrow,
the
2x
c.
of the
length
peduncle
long, glabrous. Corolla
of
appendages
Follicle
corpuscle.
unknown.
Distribution. NE.
Rare
Ecology.
Wang Tangga,
Notes.
Kerr's
in
4.
D.
Dischidia
460.
D.
rafflesiana
clavata
4209
Wall.. PI.
PI.
As.
As.
Decne.,
merguiensis
Becc.,
2
(1878)
Merr.
Rar.
Rar.
20686
Nouv.
2
Maingay's specimen
matches my
is also
12)
—
Collyris major Vahl,
—
2
(1831) 35;
Cat.
Cat.
(1831)
(1831)
Mus. 3
(1834) 377,
—
264.
(1886)
own.
The
match.
good
a
Skrift.
4208.
4209.
—
—
Nat. Hist. Sels. 6
Type: Malaya, Koenig (BM).
Attran
Type: India,
Bot. Centralbl.
34,
t.
2
Roots nodal and
nodes
Leaves of two types:
92
(1908)
flat-orbicular,
2
at
1
simple
long
or
with
bifid; pedicels
erect
lobes
inside surface of lobes
of 5 shallow
incurved
lobes.
Caudicles
Wallich
R.,
Ecology.
coastal
Locally
3x1.5
The
(n.v.).
s.n.
Type: Thursday
Type:
pitcher
nodes 1
2
4
—
3
6 flowered
mm
cm,
Celebes,
apart;
cm
on
produced
appressed
cm,
erect
(K).
I., Bauer/en
Kabetan
hairs,
appendages
as
those
the
long
not
I.,
99
(B).
Schlechter
produced
nodes 10
at
leaves.
pitcher
—
15
cm
the surface of the
base truncate; both leaf
0.3
—
5
cm
long;
Corolla tube 6-8x3-4
striped yellow
closing
stalked with
the
as
or
at
to
peduncle
long, puberulous.
corpuscle.
India,
Burma,
the
a
and green;
throat;
corolline
cordate apex and 2
Follicle
c.
5
x
0.5
cm,
Ridl.. J. Str. Br.
on
large
trees
Indo-China, Thailand, Borneo, SuAustralia, and New Guinea.
along
clusters
on
the
the
coasts
are
commonly
Ridl.
R. As. Soc.
Fig.
and up
branches.
Gunong Ledang (Mt. Ophir),
leaves
singaporensis
(SING).
—
—
long, yellow-green
mm
common
singaporensis
s.n.
—
short white
narrow,
forming
and abundant on
m.
3
c.
Corona
NE.
Dischidia
Ridley
2.
—
ramifying throughout
Java, Celebes, Philippines,
mountains,
Pangkor
800
Timor
yellow-green, pendent.
Distribution.
Malaya,
2
c.
with
lobes.
reniform in x-section,
matra,
Type:
adventitious, spreading;
—
types puberulescent. Inflorescence
corona
—
11. —
(1916)
into and
growing
host, deep purple inside, produced
raceme
17.
Type: Burma, Mergui, Griffith
apart; the other type pitcher-form, 6—12x2
D.
at
6.
437.
Bot. Jahrb. 40, Beibl.
Beih.
glabrescent.
Stem
5.
only
seen
(B).
pitcher-bearing
at
8
60, fig.
t.
Fig.
—
(1831) 36;
Ann.
Malesia 2
Schltr., Engl.
pubiflora Schltr.,
mm
coast;
(K).
D. bauerlenii
D.
west
Type: Malaya, Koenig (C).
Wall.,
D. timorensis
D.
(Malesia
major (Vahl)
—
the
flowers but matches well in all other respects.
no
major (Vahl) Merr., Interpr. Rumph. (1917)
(1810)
D.
has
BM of a flower from
Beccari
near
but also recorded from Malacca.
Blume's type
at
in lowland forests
trees
on
Perlis,
drawing
drawing
Ma-
India, Burma, Indo-China, Thailand, Sumatra,
and Borneo.
laya, Java,
inhabited
where it
by
to
1000
Common
grows
on
at
m
on
Pulau
the grass
ants.
7.
61(1912)
31.
—
Type: Singapore. Changi Police Station,
R. E.
Stem
1.5
—
1
peduncle
tube
1
x
lobes.
2
—
5x3
c.
lobes with
1.8
—
mm
Corona
Cuudicles
long;
with
long
as
Distribution.
Rare
In the
s.
o t e
hairs,
3
—
4
—
flat-ovate,
Leaves
5
flowered
cordate apex
a
erect
on
Corolla
long, pubescent.
mm
the throat; corolline corona of 5
closing
with
1
color unknown; inside surface of
long,
mm
spreading.
Inflorescence
93
and
2
narrow
incurved
lobes.
Follicle unknown.
corpuscle.
Malaya
in
trees
on
known
Singapore;
original description, Ridley
This
Mandi, Singapore.
the
as
acute.
1
c.
not
stalked
appendages
Ecology.
N
lobes
erect
adventitious,
apex
Dischidiu
Malayan species of
simple; pedicels
raceme
reflexed
narrow,
and
glabrous;
cm,
cm
short,
The Peninsular
Roots nodal
glabrous.
2.5
Rintz:
cites
second
is without flowers but
specimen
from the type location.
only
a
from Bukit
specimen
definitely belongs
to
Hoya
lacunosa Bl.
Dischidia rhodantha Ridl.
6.
D. rhodantha
31,
D.
non
Ridley
2.5
—
1
tube
c.
1.5
—
0.5
7x5
lobes
—
Roots
pubescent
2
long;
cm
mm
with
inside;
knob. Caudicles
and Frazer's
punctata
Ridl., J. Str. Br. R.As. Soc. 61
mines
(near
Bukit
(1912)
Fraser),
(Bl.)
Type:
Decne.
in
(Bl.)
c.
2
2
x
as
3
—
mm
1
flat-ovate,
Leaves
5
flowered
on
surface muricate,
long;
erect
Corolla
long, glabrous.
mm
recurved
long
—
deep
Corona appendages stalked with
corona.
apex and 2
as
the
outer
lobes; base with
corpuscle.
s.n.
in mountain forests;
trees
on
probably throughout
Decne.
Follicle
c.
a
6x0.3
Fig.
—
Highlands
Range.
9.
(1844) 631. —
8
Cameron
at
the Main
Leptostemma punctatum
Bl.,
Bijdr. (1826)
1059.
(L).
13
(1915)557.
J. F. M. S. Mus.
viridiflora Ridl.,
the
and
Prodr.
DC.,
Java, Blunte
reflexed lobes
at
2
simple; pedicels
coralline
spreading.
Inflorescence
Malaya.
D. joloensis Schltr., Fedde Rep.
D.
rosea
pendent.
Hill, Pahang,
Dischidia punctata
—
D.
adventitious,
triangular,
Occasional
Ecology.
D.
97. -
retuse.
apex
no
lobe
phylliform
and
racemes
partially
Distribution.
7.
nodal
terete, reddish green,
cm,
(1918)
Type: Malaya, Selangor, Sempang
—
glabrous;
cm,
pubescent
incurved
an
R. As. Soc. 79
(1906).
(SING).
glabrous.
x
peduncle
pink;
J. Str. Br.
Schltr.
s.n.
Stem
2
Ridl.,
rosea
8
Fig.
—
10
Type: Philippines, Jolo
—
146.
(1920)
—
Type: Malaya,
I., Mt.
Merrill 5327
Dajo,
Kelantan,
Chaning. Ridley
(B).
s.n.
(SING).
D.
punctatoides
Bakh.
Blumea
f.,
6
(1950)
377.
—
Type: Java,
Doclers
v.
Leeuwen
8754
(L).
Stem glabrous. Roots nodal and adventitious, spreading. Leaves flat-ovate, 2
x
1.2—1.5
peduncle
tube
c.
7
x
c.
4
glabrous;
cm,
0.5
cm
mm
long;
with
acute.
apex
raceme
partially
Inflorescence
simple; pedicels
reflexed lobes
c.
green with dark green
stripes, turning yellow
of
no
wide
with
the
ring
a
patent
white hairs;
1
corolline
2
3
c.
mm
—
mm
long;
before
corona.
Follicle 6 —7
x
0.4
cm,
reniform in
flowered
on
long, pubescent.
appendages
triangular,
x-section,
Corolla
yellow-
inside of tube with
Corona
green,
2
x
3
—
reflexed
surface muricate,
falling;
smooth obtuse apex and 2 recurved lobes. Caudicles
corpuscle.
5
as
a
stalked
long as
pendent.
94
BLUMEA
Distribution. S.
VOL.
-
26.
1.
no.
1980
and
Thailand, Sumatra, Malaya, Java, Borneo,
Philip-
pines.
Ecology. Locally
recorded
trees
common on
only from
elsewhere
in lowland and hill forests in
Kelantan but
Selangor;
the
probably occurring throughout
Peninsula.
Notes.
one
that
8.
described his
Ridley
of the flowers from his type
is
a corona
Dischidia
D. hirsuta
hirsuta
in
Java, Blume
Decne.
(Bl.)
DC.,
D. brunoniana
D.
Mecklenburg,
D.
subpeltagira
D.
Prodr. 8
20650
Stem
Beih.
(1844) 632.
pedicels
c.
with 2
small
(1854)
&
14620
Sch.
—
44
Laut.,
—
—
Leptostemma hirsutum
Bl.,
Decne.
D. fasciculata (Bl.)
Type:
Nachtr.
Bijdr. (1826)
1058.
—
in
DC.,
Prodr.
8
(1844)
Burma,
Fl.
Mergui, Griffith (n.v.)
Deutsch.
Sttdsee
356.
(1905)
—
Type:
Neu
Type:
New
(B).
&
Nachtr. Fl.
Laut.,
14601
Bot. Centralbl.
Deutsch.
Stidsee
(1905)
360. —
(B).
2
34,
Bot. Centralbl.
Beih.
(1916)
34,2(1916)
hirsute when
young,
Roots
3
c.
3
1
12.
Schlechter
Type: Celebes, Minahassa,
—
13. —
T
:
e
y p
Celebes,
Kuala Besar. Schlechter
erect
truncate
long;
of
apex
corpuscle.
reflexed
on
surface
angled;
base
and
Follicle
2
c.
occasionally glabrous,
Leaves
incurved
0.5
x
one
just
c.
c.
0.8
6x5
muricate;
long;
lobes,
reflexed
throat;
lobes.
cm,
Caudicles
reniform in
triangular,
1.5
x
as
long
on
5
a
the
as
x-section, green, pendent.
Malaya,
Celebes and New Guinea.
Common
Ecology.
forests and
inside
pink;
the other in the
Distribution. Burma, Indo-China, Thailand, Borneo, Sumatra,
Java, Philippines,
2.5
simple;
raceme
partially
lobes
—
recurved.
margins
with
deep red;
tube
below the
cm
mm
1.5
flat-ovate,
of the corolla lobes. Corona appendages stalked with
angles
6
peduncle
Corolla tube
glabrous.
up-curved hairs,
lobes in the
and
so,
spreading.
both surfaces when young; apex acute;
on
long,
less
becoming
adventitious,
5 flowered
—
mm
mm
rings
nodal and
hirsute
cm,
Inflorescence
iobes
4
Schlechter
Mts.,
Schltr.,
densely
1.5
—
showed
(B).
with age.
1
dissection of
(B).
D. verruculosa
x
a
3,1951:48)
(L).
Sch.
in K.
Schltr.
pulchella Schltr.,
20636
K.
Schlechter
Torricelli
Guinea,
Notul.
Griff.,
Schltr. in
euryloma
corona, but
a
Fl. Siam. En.
(L).
s.n.
Java, Blume
Type:
—
lacking
10.
Fig.
—
Leptostemmafasciculatum Bl., Bijdr. (1826) 1058;
632.
as
(in Craib,
Kerr
definitely present.
(Bl.) Decne,
Type:
specimen
by
the Peninsula
throughout
limestone hills. The
on
comparatively large
trees
in lowland and
and vivid flowers
are
hill
very
striking.
9.
D.
D.
Dischidia albiflora Griff.
albiflora Griff.,
Notul.
collyris Wall.,PI.
Wallich 4207
D. borneensis
(not
Becc.,
Malesia
793
Stem
glabrous,
conical
(1854)
47.
11.
Fig.
—
Type: Malaya, Malacca, Tabong, Griffith
(1831)37; Cat. (1831) 4207 (nomen).
—
T y p
e
3779
: India, Assam,
(K).
Attran R.,
K).
at
Beccari
orbicular,
4
As. Rar. 2
—
2
(1886) 262,
t.
60, fig.
7-12.
—
Type: Borneo, Sarawak, Kuching,
(n.v.).
Roots nodal, restricted
1—2x2
—
2.5
cm,
glabrous,
projection. Inflorescence
1
—
5
to
beneath the
purple below;
flowered
on
leaves. Leaves
base
erect
with
peduncle
a
2
c.
—
1
5
convex-
mm
mm
long
long;
R.
Rintz:
simple; pedicels
raceme
lobes
E.
2
c.
corolline
2
triangular,
long
as
x
an
Distribution. NE.
Rare
Ecology.
10.
D.
Dischidia
J. F. M.
Robinson
Stem
ovate,
peduncle
tube
c.
2
2
2.5
x
x
0.3
c.
cm,
cm
long;
Mus. 5
glabrous;
2
x
long
as
Distribution.
11.
Pain,
Tahan. When
Stem
ovate,
Rintz,
Rintz
peduncle
tube
c.
1.5
x
inside with
Corona
x
1
mm
10
c.
1
mm
with
Follicle
lenticularerect
on
Corolla
long, glabrous.
pink lobes, entirely
of 3
appendages
sparsely pubescent
lobe; stigma
corpuscle.
or
6 flowered
Corona
ridges.
a
—
white with
long,
narrow
knob between
bulbous apex. Caudicles
a
c.
5
x
0.3
not
the Peninsula
throughout
Cameron
in bloom this
(1979) 225, fig.
glabrous;
long;
mm
3.
—
cm,
terete,
on trees
in
pale
species
can
be
moun-
and
Highlands, Genting Highlands,
on
confused with D.
easily
Type: Malaya, Pahang, Bukit Frazer,
apex
raceme
spreading.
Inflorescence
acute.
simple; pedicels
with reflexed lobes
c.
1
mm
with
shallowly
cm,
Bukit Pokok
c.
8
mm
long;
bifid
Leaves flat
1
or
lenticular-
6 flowered
—
long, pubescent.
with the lobes white
glabrous;
apex,
no
borne
corolline
on
to
2
x
as
pink,
corona.
perpendicular
broad-triangular,
erect
Corolla
long
to
as
the
the
half-terete, red, pendent.
Malaya.
Endemic, and locally
Highlands
not
a
broad and fiat. Caudicles very
Distribution.
and, when
1
c.
of 5
common
Follicle 2.5-3 x0.5
Ecology.
Cameron
and Borneo.
Leaves flat
Inflorescence
acute.
few hairs below each lobe, otherwise
stigma
corpuscle.
Malaya,
adventitious, spreading.
the
as
Hill,
appendages spatulate
stamens;
(«.v.).
cm
Type: Malaya, Selangor, Gunong Mengkuang
Roots nodal and adventitious,
cm,
cm
4.5
a
0.5
(L).
0.4
c.
x
Rintz.
Blumea 25
130
1.5
Corona
vadosa.
glabrous.
c.
tube.
Malaya.
Maxwell's
Dischidia vadosa
D. vadosa
the
erect.
Endemic and
at
albida and D.
—
the base of each stamen, with
at
Ecology.
Gunong
41.
apex
corona
green with red spots, borne
forests;
throat of
erect
throat
coasts.
simple; pedicels
raceme
corolline
broad-triangular,
tain
(1914)
with
12.
Fig.
lobes and below the central
outer
the
Follicle 5 —6
the
with reflexed lobes
mm
lobes
truncate
—
Roots nodal and
0.8
inside;
glabrous
the 2
—
S.
in
India, Burma, Thailand,
Ridl.
mm
apex and incurved lobes. Caudicles broad-
corpuscle.
along
2x4
c.
pink lobes, entirely glabrous inside;
annulus
an
95
(n.v.).
glabrous.
1.5
of
trees
on
parvifolia
parvifolia Ridl.,
Lebah,
with
emarginate
the
as
Corolla tube
long, glabrous.
mm
corona
with
appendages stalked,
Peninsular
long, pale yellow
mm
constricted;
2
c.
The
and
in bloom,
Frazer's
easily
common
Hill.
on
Commonly
trees
in
mountain forests
associated
with
confused with D. albida and D.
D.
at
astephana
parvifolia.
BLUMEA
96
12.
VOL. 26.
-
1980
1.
no.
Dischidia subulata Warb
For
Stem
under the subspecies.
see
synonomy,
Roots nodal and
glabrous.
7x2
3
elliptical,
5
midvein.
Inflorescence
—
—
mostly bifid; pedicels
with
reflexed
puberulous
iowly
dentate
Caudicles
and 2 short
green with
pale
long,
mm
corolline
the
x
Common
in
occurring only
the
x
0.5
—
4
with
pink
or
Corona
3
—
5
parallel
long;
cm
7
mm or c.
cream
appendages
x
raceme
2.5 mm,
pink
or
with
stalked,
or
the
to
lobes,
a
shal-
length of
the
8-10x0.3
corpuscle. Follicle
red, pendent.
Distribution. Sumatra and
Ecology.
5
—
of veins
reflexed lobes; base with a pubescent knob.
narrow
2.5
c.
cream
corona.
pair
a
peduncle
erect
on
Corolla tube 3
long.
Leaves flat-ovate
with
apex acute,
flowered
mm
3
c.
no
apex
3
broad-triangular,
terete,
cm,
1 —8
c.
lobes
inside;
glabrous;
cm,
trees
on
understory
Malaya.
in mountain forests
and
in
not
the
throughout the Peninsula;
crowns
of the
trees.
KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES
la.
Corolla tube 3
b.
Corolla tube
subulata
subsp.
a.
D. subulata
Warb.,
D. monticola
King
7
&
D.
ericaeflora1 Ridl.,
Kloss
angustata.
J. As. Soc.
Type: Sumatra,
2
591.
Caulfield's
Hill,
Beng. 74,
(1908)
2
(1908)
Forbes
2548c
in
(iso
K).
Ulu
Syntypes: Malaya,Perak,
—
Hill,
Scortechini 423
590. —T ype:
(K).
Malaya, Perak,
Maxwell's
10(1920) 146;non Beccari (1886) —
T
y p
e
: Malaya, Kedah, Gunong
(K).
dentations, lobes
—
5
3
x
or
—
4
pink
very short.
mm
long
lobes.
with reflexed lobes
Apex
of corona
Caudicles with
c.
3
appendages
mm
long,
with 3
hook-like appendage
a
or
on
cream or
4 shallow
the lower
margins.
Distribution
Ecology.
Gunong
Notes. There is
cream
or
subsp.
a
lands,
are
pink
Sumatra and
Malaya.
Maxwell's Hill and
on
some
entirely
at
Genting Highlands;
also
on
with
variation in the color of the corolla. On Maxwell's Hill
cream
pink
colored,
subulata
et caudieulis
Tanah
Rata
Corolla tube
c.
colored. Corona
at
tubo corollae
nov.
longo
et
absque appendiculis
4700', October 8,
7x2.5
while
on
Genting Highlands
the tubes
are
lobes.
angustata Rintz, subsp.
subsp.
longioris
.
Common
Tahan.
the corollas
Differt
345. —
Beng. 74,
Maxwell's
(K);
F. M. S. Mus.
s.n.
with either cream
inside
subulata.
subsp.
subsp.
(K).
Corolla tube 3
pink
(1907)
J. As. Soc.
1503
a.
b.
13.
3
Rep.
mm
mm
Fig.
—
Gamble,
Scortechini 424
Bintang,
b.
2.5
cordifolia King& Gamble,
Hill,
3 —4
x
x
Fedde
Batang Padang, Wray
D.
5
—
c.
mm
appendages
—
Fig.
14.
angusto; apice
curvis.
1963,
W.
—
L. Chew
with reflexed lobes
with the apex
coronae
uni-dentato,
lobis
Typus: Malaya, Pahang,
c.
873
3
2plo
coronae
Cameron
High-
(L).
mm
long,
mucronulate,
tube and lobes
lobes twice
as
cream
long
as
in
R. E.
Rintz:
subulata. Caudicles without
ssp.
Distribution.
Notes. The
13.
Dischidia
refers
Stem and
J. Str. Br.
base with
tube
1—2
a
10
to c.
3x5
c.
leaves
mm
Corona
corona.
of the
long;
often
Distribution.
margins.
location.
type
corolla tube.
narrow
Soc.
61
15.
—
32.
(913)
T y p
e
: Malaya, Selangor, Sempang
with
becoming glabrous
convex-orbicular,
projection.
1.5
c.
2
c.
3
c.
mm
2.5
—
not
7
c.
x
Caudicles
0.4
cm,
re-
purple below;
flowered
lobes
glabrous;
Corolla
inside
pink;
corolline
no
broad-triangular,
c.
erect
on
long, pubescent.
long, pale yellow,
mm
present.
Follicle
4
nodal,
Roots
age.
x
1
Inflorescence
bifid; pedicels
raceme
appendages
corpuscle.
2.5
the
x
pendent.
cm,
Malaya.
Endemic and
Ecology.
the lower inside
on
the base of the corolla lobes, otherwise
at
97
(K).
with reflexed lobes
sparsely pubescent
length
R. As.
conical
mm
cm
appendage
Ridl. — Fig.
15927
hirsute,
the
the
beneath the leaves. Leaves
to
peduncle
to
longepedunculata
Mines, Semangkok Pass, Ridley
stricted
hooklike
a
from
only
epithet
longepedunculata Ridl.,
Peninsular
Malaya.
Known
Ecology.
D.
The
rare
on
in mountain forests in
trees
Selangor
and
Pahang.
14.
D.
D.
Dischidia
complex Griff.,
shelfordii
Stem
Griff.
complex
Notul.
4
nodes
Leaves of 2 types:
acute; the
nodal and
c.
raceme
c.
1
corolla
lobes,
with
emarginate
as
long
as
the
Rare
recorded
Dischidia
bengalensis Colebr.,
D.
spatulata
Bl.,
Follicle
Malaya
on
most
trees
cm,
Trans.
Bijdr. (1826)
c.
in
Linn.
Soc.
—
x
0.3
at
on
nodes
erect
at
the
c.
a
terete,
cm
cm,
peduncle
c.
few hairs
Corona
corona.
6
produced
pitcher
nodes 3
Corolla tube
Caudicles
cm,
to c.
1.5
at
apart; apex
often
—
x
at
leaves.
with
a
4 cm apart;
10
1.5
cm
mm
long;
with
the base of the
appendages
broad-triangular,
stalked
c.
1.5
x
pendent.
Borneo.
lowland
forests
of
from Johore and
— Fig.
12
those
6x0.8—1.5
—
inside with
corolline
6
frequently
1060.
3
1—4 flowered
no
(K).
Kuching, Shelfords.n. (K).
spreading,
produced
orbicular,
and
bengalensis Colebr.
D.
0.8
x
long, glabrous.
mm
glabrous;
corpuscle.
Borneo, Sarawak.
ramifying throughout,
apex and 2 recurved lobes.
Distribution.
15.
1
:
ype
adventitious,
long, pale yellow,
mm
otherwise
Ecology.
Peninsula;
c.
T
deep purple inside, produced
glabrous. Inflorescence
simple; pedicels
reflexed lobes
an
1.2
—
and
pitcher-form,
second smaller pitcher inside,
both types
Type: Malaya, Malacca, Griffith
growing into,
flat-ovate,
other type
—
17(1903)617.
Roots
glabrous.
pitcher-bearing
50.
(1854)
Pearson. Ann. Bot.
16
Fig.
—
the
southern
half of the
Singapore.
17.
(1817) 357,
Type: Java,
t.
15.
Blume
—
s.n.
Type: India,
(L).
Silhet
(n.v.).
98
D.
BLUMEA
D.
PI.
cuneifolia Wall.,
Wallich 4206
littoralis
As.
Schltr. in
loeseneriana
Schlechler
Stem
2 —3
x
K.
Schltr.,
15960
0.6
—
with obtuse
Beih.
Centralbl.
to
with
1.75
c.
long, pale yellow
with
x
retuse
a
long
as
D. nummularia
R.
minor
67.
Skrift.
Vahl,
—
T y
p
orbicularis Decne.
in
in
beiningiana Schltr.,
Pommern.
E.
:
e
gaudichaudiiDecne.
Nat.
Tamara
in
ridleyana
schumanniana
Guinea,
Dun
D.
Dorfu
13327
D.
Laut.,
13669
Bongu,
Phil.
iso in
pilose
lobes.
7
-
bifid
partially
inside. Corona
Caudicles broad-
0.3
x
with
pale
terete,
cm,
Ma-
Thailand, Sumatra,
the Peninsula from sealevel
along
the coasts,
on
1700
to c.
limestone hills
and
18.
(1810)461. — Type: Australia, Queensland, Endeavor
Herb.
minor, Rumph.,
8
(1810) 111;
s.n.
632.
632.
—
176,
t.
f.
(Vahl) Merr., Lignan
Fl.
Gaudichaud
Type: Timor,
Timor
Type:
—
Nachtr.
13686
D. minor
—
(1747) 472,
R.,
1.]
Sci. J.
13
(C).
(1844)
Laut.,
Amb. 5
Deutsch.
(n.v.).
(n.v.)
Siidsee
—
356.
(1905)
Type:
Neu
(B).
Nachtr. Fl.
Deutsch. Siidsee
356.
(1905)
Type:
—
New
Guinea,
(B).
Laut.,
Nachtr. Fl. Deutsch. Siidsee
(1905)
358.
—
J.
Laut.,
Schlechler
Nachtr. Fl. Deutsch.
14291
Sci.,
Suppl.
1
Bot.
Jahrb.
40,
Siidsee
Type: Singapore,
(1905)
360.
—
Type:
New
(B).
(1906)
298.
Type: Philippines, Mindanao,
—
Davao
K).
Beibl.
92
10.
(1908)
—
Type:
Borneo, Samarinda,
(B).
Schltr., Engl.
Bot. Jahrb.
sepikana Schltr., Engl.
Schlechler
50(1913)
Bot. Jahrb.
19962
Beih.
actephila Schltr.,
20647
Follicle 5
mm
round
or
100.
—
T y
p
e
:
New
Guinea, Keneyia, Eitape, Schlechler
(B).
(Sepic R.),
D.
base of lobes
2 recurved
4
x
simple
Bismarck Arch.
Fig.
—
(1844)
Schlechler
microphylla Schltr., Engl.
Schlechler
18428
3
c.
Burma, Indo-China,
Sels. 6
8
Schltr. in K. Sch. &
copelandii Schltr.,
D. aemula
and
becoming
(B).
Copeland 512 (B,
D.
Prodr.
Schltr. in K. Sch. &
s.n.
Hist.
K. Sch. &
Schlechler
I.,
lactea
Prodr.
DC.,
DC.,
Beiningbargu,
Schlechler
D.
Neu
oblanceolate,
Leaves
flowered sessile
Corolla tube
white;
or
abundant
Indies, Koenig
D. dirhiza Schltr. in K. Sch. &
D.
Type:
Type: Sumatra, Gunong Merapi.
—
6
-
throughout
trees
Prodr. Fl. Nov. Hoi.
Br.,
(BM). [Nummularia
s.n.
D.
D.
R.,
in dense forest.
common
D.
D.
1
a
corpuscle.
New Guinea, and
Dischidia nummularia R. Br.
(1939)
359.
(1905)
apex when young,
retuse
apex
the
as
Common on
less
rocky ridges;
Collyris
10.
(1916)
long, puberulous.
Gunong Tahan; locally
Banks
Siidsee
—
pale brown, pendent.
Ecology.
16.
Deutsch.
with
Distribution. NE. India,
on
34
Inflorescence
age.
mm
mm
laya, Borneo, Java,
m
Attran
Type: India, Assam,
(B).
glabrous, flat,
stalked
triangular,
green
Bot.
Fl.
Nachtr.
Laut.,
13722
2-3
2
c.
&
Roots nodal and
apex
reflexed lobes
appendages
Sch.
Schlechler
cm,
pedicels
raceme;
—
4206.
(1831)
(B).
glabrous.
0.4
36; Cat.
(1831)
1980
1,
no.
(K).
Pommern, Massaura,
D.
2
Rar.
VOL. 26.
-
Bot.
50
(1913)
98.
—
T
y p
e
:
New
Guinea, Kaiserin-Augusta
Fluss
(B).
Centralb.
34,
2
(1916)
5.
—
Type: Celebes,
Kuala
Besar,
Schlechler
(B).
decipiens Schltr.,
Beih. Bot. Centralb.
34,2 (1916)
8. —
T y p
e
: Celebes, Tondano,Schlechler
20588
(B).
Stem
ovate,
glabrous.
c.
peduncle
1
x
c.
0.8
3
Roots nodaland
cm,
mm
glabrous;
long;
apex
raceme
mucronate.
Leaves flat
Inflorescence
simple; pedicels
1
—
2
mm
or
lenticular-
1—5 flowered
long, glabrous.
on erect
Corolla
R. E. Rintz:
tube 2
with
as
3x2
—
of hairs
ring
a retuse
long
3
mm
lobes;
no
—
inside with
long, white,
mm
corolline corona. Corona
lobes. Caudicles
spatulate
corpuscle. Follicle 2
2
—
2.5x0.4
cm,
99
Dischidia
Malayan species of
with reflexed lobes 1
the base of the
apex and 2 recurved
the
as
—
at
The Peninsular
a
sparse
stalked
appendages
broad-triangular,
reniform in
x-section, pale
2
c.
x
green or
yellow, pendent.
Distribution. NE.
Ecology.
hill
India, Burma, Indo-China,
Java, Borneo, Philippines,
laya,
Very
common
forests, especially
tations;
not
and the
Malaya,
in
dense forest.
the
Probably
in
hills,
most
Notes. The taxonomic confusion within D. nummulariais
leaves
large
Brown's
on
Javan and
Malayan,
Australian
however,
the fruits
and
plan-
Dischidia
in
the genus.
due
probably
appearance different
an
to
the
from the
its lack of flowers. Flowers from
to
the
essentially
are
same
as
on
the
types of the
identical.
are
Elmer and D.
glaucescens
it
give
Philippine specimens,
specimens,
synonyms, and
Both D.
type, which
and
villages
common
widespread species within
abundant and
most
the Peninsula, in lowland and
limestone
on
Ma-
Thailand, Sumatra,
New Guinea and Australia.
Moluccas,
throughout
on trees
the coasts,
along
common
Celebes,
Schltr.
pubicaulis
are
unpublished
synonyms
of
D. nummularia.
17.
D.
Dischidia tomentella Ridl.
tomentella
15225
Ridl.,
J. Str. Br.
tomentose, often
Stem
3
—
4
1
—
5 flowered
137.
—
Type: Malaya, Perlis,
Corona
corona.
long
as
long
the
1.2
erect
on
Rare
Dischidia scortechinii
D. scortechinii
543
King
& Gamble,
Stem
glabrous.
acute.
lobes 2
cm
mm
Caudicles
when young; apex
long;
raceme
simple;
with reflexed lobes
hairs;
no
anther
c.
2
corolline
appendages
broad-triangular,
c.
1.5
Malaya.
limestone hills in the
& Gamble. —
J. As. Soc.
Roots
—
no
3
3
nodal
5
—
mm
2
—
3
long,
corolline
x
1
Fig.
Beng. 74,2(1908)
long
as
the
lowlands.
20.
592. —
T
y p
e
adventitious,
: Malaya, Perak,
white;
Corona
spreading.
less commonly ovate, 1.5
erect
on
long, glabrous.
creamy
corona.
corpuscle.
and
cm;
1 -5 flowered
mm
2 short reflexed lobes; base of
as
on
King
Inflorescence
simple; pedicels
hairs;
1.5
2
Scortechini
(K).
commonly lanceolate,
apex
x
—
Follicle unknown.
trees
on
tomentose
cuneiform apex;
a
stigma.
Distribution. Peninsular Thailand and
Ecology.
18.
Lagi, Ridley
Bukit
Roots nodal and adven-
age.
cm,
peduncle 1.5
with
column above the
corpuscle.
with
0.7
x
throat closed with stiff white
stalked
appendages
a
glabrous
c.
Corolla tube c. 4
long, glabrous.
mm
attenuated into
as
(1911)
becoming
long, white, with pink lobes;
mm
59
flat-ovate,
Leaves
Inflorescence
pedicels
x
R. As. Soc.
19.
Fig.
(K).
titious, spreading.
acute.
—
peduncle
Corolla tube
lobes and throat
appendages
c.
—
0.2— 1
5x3
pubescent
stalked with
Leaves
2x0.7
a
cm
mm
flat,
cm,
long;
raceme
with reflexed
inside with short
broad obtuse apex and
gynostegium pubescent. Caudicles triangular,
Follicle 5 —6
x
0.3
cm,
terete,
pale
most
glabrous;
green,
pendent.
c.
2
x
BLUMEA
100
Distribution.
in the
D. albida
407
(1854)
2
common on trees
in the
46.
occurring only
trees.
21.
Fig.
—
in mountain forests;
of the
crowns
Type: Malaya, Malacca, Toondook, Griffith
—
(1886) 266,
5
63, fig.
t.
—
6.
Type:
—
3781
(K).
Borneo, Sarawak, Kuching
(n.v.).
Beih. Bot. Centralbl.
Beih.
semperflorens Schltr.,
15873
34(1916)9.
—
T y p
e
: Celebes, Gunong Kaweng,
Schlechter
Centralbl.
Bot.
34
12.
(1916)
Type: Sumatra, Padang Pandjang,
—
(B).
lagenifera Ridl.,
J. F. M. S. Mus.
D. fultonii Hend., Gard.
Bull. S. S.
8
63.
(1917)
4(1927)
Type: Sumatra, Ridley
—
51. —
(K).
s.n.
Type: Malaya, Johore, Gunong Belumut,
Holttum
(SING).
10727
Stem
Roots nodal and
glabrous.
1.5 —2
ovate,
peduncle
with
long;
cm
4x2
c.
glabrous;
cm,
0.2-3
Corolla tube
stalked,
1
x
with short hairs
mm
2
bifid; pedicels
2
c.
glabrous;
corolline
x
as
long
as
the
2
c.
with
c.
6
a
x
on
erect
lobes
pink lobes;
Corona
corona.
Follicle
lenticular
long, glabrous.
mm
base with
lobes;
corpuscle.
or
1—5 flowered
long, white,
mm
no
apex and 2 reflexed
a muctonate
c.
lobes
erect
Inflorescence
acute.
often
raceme
with
Leaves flat
apex
otherwise
inside,
Caudicles triangular,
green,
1980
1,
no.
(B).
Schlechter
D.
4
Malesia
Becc.,
kawengica Schltr.,
20597
D.
Notul.
Griff.,
kutchinensis
Beccari
D.
not
Dischidia albida Griff.
19.
D.
and
understory
26.
Malaya.
Endemic and
Ecology.
VOL.
-
appendages
pubescent
0.3
knob.
cm,
terete, pale
most
frequently
pendent.
Ecology.
encountered in
Common
Malaya, Borneo,
mountain forests but
also
and Celebes.
the
throughout
trees
on
Peninsula;
occurring
on
limestone hills and
on
bamboo in the lowlands.
20.
D.
Dischidia
dolichantha
Lalah,
D.
dolichantha Schltr.
Schltr., Engl.
Schlechter
tubuliflora King
Scorlechini
Stem
peduncle
c.
2
—
Gamble,
corona.
long
as
long;
Soc.
raceme
or
corolline
Beng.
92
(24-1-1908)
8. —T y p
74, 2
(20-XI-1908)
592.
apex
acute.
e
: Sumatra, Tudragiri,
S
—
Type: Malaya, Perak,
white;
corona.
lobes
the caudicles.
triangular,
Folicle
c.
5
Rare
on
trees
in
c.
x
2
mm
0.3
as
long
cm,
Malaya,
3
mm
1—5 flowered
long, glabrous.
often with
throat closed
appendages stalked,
connate;
x
c.
long,
pubescent;
Corona
Leaves flat or lenticular-
Inflorescence
simple; pedicels
lobes; stigma long
Caudicles
Ecology.
Beibl.
with reflexed lobes 3-4
apex and 2 reflexed
the
J. As.
glabrous;
cm,
cm
mm
no
Jahrb. 40,
Roots nodal and
base, pale pink
swelling;
Bot.
(B).
(K).
3x1
0.3—1
12x3
from the
the
&
glabrous.
lanceolate,
tube
465b
13261
22.
Fig.
—
swelling 2/3
a
with
erect
Corolla
ring
a
up
of hairs
at
broad obtuse
gynostegium long pedicellate below
as
the
terete,
and
a
by
on
corpuscle; pollinia
narrow,
pendent.
Borneo
mountain forests of
Pahang
and Perak.
as
R.
21.
Rintz:
Dischidia acutifolia
For synonomy
Stem
3
—
8
1
peduncle
erect
Corolla tube
pink lobes,
Corona
dicles
0.2
with
pale
apex
a
green
x
reflexed lobes
1
c.
mm
mm
long
as
no
ovate or
1—5 flowered
long,
with
long, yellow
corolline corona.
gynostegium pedicellate.
the
as
on
glabrous.
Follicle
corpuscle.
Cau-
3 -5-6
pale yellow, pendent.
to
Distribution. Thailand,
I
c.
the base of the lobes;
reniform apex;
1.3
c.
at
pedicels
flat,
Leaves
Inflorescence
acute.
simple;
partially
of hairs
ring
triangular,
terete,
cm,
a
raceme
with
mm
101
Hooker f.
ex
glabrous;
cm,
stalked
appendages
0.3
2
x
Dischidia
Malayan species of
subspecies.
long;
cm
inside with
narrowly
—
Maingay
3.5
—
3
—
2.5
c.
Peninsular
Roots nodal and
0.4
x
The
under the
see
glabrous.
elliptical,
x
E.
Sumatra,
Java,
Malaya,
and
Philippines,
Ce-
lebes.
KEY TO
la.
Leaves 5
b.
Leaves 3
subsp.
a.
D.
—
—
8
x
5
x
D.
1122
acutifolia.
subsp.
klossii.
Ind. 4
Fl. Brit.
(1883)
—
51.
Type: Malaya, Malacca, Maingay
(K).
zollingeri Schltr., Engl.
brachystele Schltr.,
Bot.
Fedde
Jahrb.
13
Rep.
40,
Beibl. 92
555.
(1915)
—
11.
(1908)
Type: Java, Zollinger
Type: Philippines, Luzon,
—
Bataan,
2490
(B).
Lamao
R.,
(B).
hoyoides Schltr.,
D.
subsp.
b.
23.
Hooker/.,
D.
s.n.
a.
cm
Fig.
—
ex
D.
Merrill
cm
0.4 —0.8
acutifolia.
acutifolia Maingay
K.
2 —3
THE SUBSPECIES
Beih. Bot. Centralbl.
2
34,
(1916)
9.
—
T y p
e
Celebes,
:
Toli-Toli, Schlechter
20695
(B).
pedunculata
D.
Schlechter
Leaves
Schltr.,
15884
Beih.
Bot.
Centralbl.
34,
2
10.
(1916)
Type:
—
Sumatra,
Tambangan,
(B).
ovate
or
elliptical,
5 —8
x
2 —3.5
Distribution.Thailand, Sumatra,
cm.
Follicle
c.
6
x
0.3
cm.
Malaya, Java, Borneo, Philippines,
and
Celebes.
Ecology.
Common
on
trees
and
bamboo in
Peninsula; occurring only in the understory and
b.
D.
subsp.
lancifolia
Siam. En.
Leaves
klossii
3
(1951)
46.
elliptical,
—
3
Selangor,
22.
D.
but
Dischidia
—
s.n.
5
x
0.4
—
—
0.8
cm.
Merrill, 1918;
—
Kloss 6721
Follicle
on
and
trees
c.
(K).
J. Str.
Br.
R. As. Soc.
Fig.
79
throughout
crowns
D. klossii
of the
the
trees.
(Ridl.) Kerr
in
Craib,
Fl.
only
in
(K).
3.5 x0.2
cm.
Malaya.
bamboo in
probably elsewhere; occurring only
fruticulosa Ridl. —
lowlands
in the
23.
Fig.
Peninsular Thailand and
Occasional
fruticulosa Ridl.,
Robinson
10(1920)
nov.
102 ,non
Type: Thailand, Mamoh,
Distribution.
Ecology.
comb.
(Ridl.) Rintz,
Ridl., J. F. M. S. Mus.
the
not
the
in the
lowlands;
seen
understory.
24.
(1918)
96.
—
Type: Malaya, Perak, Gunong Kerbau,
102
BLUMEA
Stem
5
—
3
—
acute.
apex
1
c.
1
Inflorescence
mm
2
c.
lobes with short
hairs, throat with
with
rowly triangular,
2/3
c.
Distribution.
800
c.
23.
long
as
as
trees
on
the trail
along
to
5
6x3
—
throat closed
the
ring
shaped;
2
c.
by
a
of hairs.
stigma
corpuscle.
mm
ring
1
and
—
with
r.
2
—
T
with
long
erect
corolline corona. Corona
c.
6
x
0.4
Caudicles
terete,
cm,
Pandang Jeriau,
at
c.
500
nar-
pale
Frazer's Hill
m.
7x1
5 flowered
5-angled,
appendage
hairs;
white;
x
4
on
0.3
c.
mm
the
same
long;
cm
inside of lobes
short-stalked with the
narrow,
in x-section,
apex
c.
or
plant;
raceme
with reflexed lobes
pubescent,
corolline corona of 5 lobes
Caudicles
(L).
just
broadly
1/4
as
below
saddle-
long
as
the
golden yellow, pendent.
Malaya.
Endemic and local
Selangor; probably
pubescens Ridl.,
to
cream
4
c.
Rintz 71
Leaves flat-obovate
oppositely
peduncle
erect
on
or
Corolla tube
triangular
cm,
Malaya, Selangor, Sungai Langat,
alternately
bulbous apex.
a
ype:
on
trees
J. Str. Br.
in the lowlands and hills of
Kelantan,
elsewhere.
DOUBTFUL
Dischidia
at
Tahan
of patent white
Distribution.
1.
no
Follicle
in hill forests;
Gunong
long, glabrous.
Corona
Follicle
Ecology.
Pahang
hairs;
corpuscle.
borne
glabrous,
base of tube
long;
mm
cm,
Inflorescence
acute.
simple; pedicels
3
Roots nodal and
glabrous.
elliptical,
c.
mm
Rintz.
superba
D. superba Rintz, Blumea25(1979)229,fig.
apex
2.5
plant;
raceme
Malaya.
Occasional
and
m
Dischidia
Stem
x
same
long;
cm
gynostegium pedicellate.
apex;
the
3
c.
2
—
flat-elliptical,
the
on
red throat and lobes; inside of
deep
of short
ring
a
a
0.5
peduncle
Corolla tube
white, with
sagittate
a
Leaves
oppositely
or
red, pendent.
or
Ecology.
at
or
erect
on
long, glabrous.
mm
1980
1,
no.
alternately
5 flowered
long, pale yellow
appendages stalked,
green
—
26.
borne both
glabrous,
cm,
simple; pedicels
lobes
Roots nodal and
glabrous.
7x2
VOL.
-
R. As. Soc. 57
SPECIES
(1910)
71.
Type: Malaya, Perak, Temengoh
Woods, Ridley (n.v.).
I could not find
any herbarium
Pahang
which
fits the
material of this plant, but I did find
description vegetatively.
I
grew
a
it but could
living specimen
not
get
it to
in T
aman
Negara,
bloom.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
My
her
sincerest thanks go to Mrs. Zaleha Christine
generosity
in
Director
of the
herbaria
I visited
tolerance
of
allowing
me
time
Rijksherbarium,
for
my very
for financial
their interest
Alang,
and funds for
and
former Head of the
Biology Dept. at UPM,
of the field
to
assistance to work
assistance;
strange occupation.
some
and to my
at
work;
B, BM,
Prof. Dr. C.
and
K;
to the
neighbours at Serdang
for
Kalkman,
staffs at the
for their
amused
R.
E.
Rintz:
EXPLANATION
3. Dischidia
Fig.
—
d.
cochleata
gynostegium from
with
the
corona
Bl.
above.
—
Habit,
a.
-b. flower.
appendages removed
g. flower
—
2
flower with
—c.
corona
in median
103
3 — 24
OF FIGURES
gynostegium with
e.
—
Dischidia
Malayan species of
The Peninsular
of the corolla
part
appendages removed.
sectional view.
h.
—
—
f.
cut away.
gynostegium
twin-pollinium.(after
a
living specimen).
Fig.
Dischidia
4.
the corolla cut
sectional
Fig.
view.
—d.
6.
Fig.
away.
Fig.
in
-d.
e.
Gamble.
Rintz
Merr.
sectional view.
—
Habit.
h.
—
b. flower.
b. fruit,
—
f.
—
Habit.
—a.
b. flower.
—
flower with
—c.
above.
—
part
of
f. flower in median
flower with part of the corolla cut
—c.
Rintz
flower,
-c.
gynostegium with
twin-pollinium. (after
—
b.
flower,
in median
gynostegium
e.
Habit.
a.
gynostegium from
Habit.
above.
—
e.
—
31).
-e.
—a.
—
Ridl.
singaporensis
appendage.
—a.
view.
sectional
gynostegium from
in median
corona
King &
ex
(Bl.)Decne.
median
major (Vahl)
—
Dischidia
7.
away.
Scort.
d. corolla with part cut
away.
g.
flower
flower
g.
—
Dischidia
corolla cut
—
—
Dischidia imbricata
5.
away.
astephana
away.
the
132).
-d. flower
corona
with
of the
part
appendages removed.
living specimen).
a
flower with
-c.
sectional
view.
—
part of the corolla
f.
cut
Ridley s.n.).
8.
Fig.
—
d.
Dischidia rhodantha
gynostegium
appendage in
from
Ridl.
above.
ventral view.
—
Habit.
a.
b. flower.
—
with
gynostegium
calyx.
g.
—
—
e.
h. flower in median
—
c.
—
the
away.
corona
removed,
appendages
sectional view.
i.
—
-f.
corona
twin-pollinium. (from
a
living specimen).
9. Dischidia punctata
Fig.
-d.
away.
sectional
in
—
d.
—g.
(Bl.)Decne.
-e.
11.
gynostegium
(Bl.)
sectional
view.
Dischidia
albiflora
gynostegium
Decne.
from above.
—
g.
—
Habit.
—a.
with the
gynostegium
Rintz
Dischidia hirsuta
d.
median
Fig.
—
view.
10.
Fig.
away.
gynostegium.
—a.
e.
—
Griff,
—e.
—
a.
Habit'.
—b. flower.
gynostegium with
Habit.
—
c.
flower with
appendages
of the corolla
part
removed.
cut
f. flower in median
—
21).
b. flower.
—
2
Rintz
from above.
b. flower.
corona
—c.
flower with
corona
of the corolla
part
appendages removed.
—
cut
f. flower
110).
c.
—
flower in median sectional
flower with
—
view.
f.
part of the corolla cut away.
a
living
specimen).
12.
Fig.
away. —d.
Dischidia
pollinium. (after
Rintz
-d.
—e.
Fig.
Fig.
subulata
gynostegium
14. Dischidia
cut
15.
away.
ssp.
Habit.
subulata
from above,
subulata
-d.
Dischidia
-a.
—
b.
flower.
above.
Habit,
flower
-e.
—
c.
flower
with
f. flower in median
-
-b. flower,
in median
Fig.
16.
part
Dischidia
Chew
in median
part
of the corolla
sectional view.
—g.
cut
twin-
-c.
flower
sectional
with
-f.
view.
of the corolla
part
twin-pollinium (after
from above,
cut
-a.
Habit, -b.
gynostegium
-e.
flower,
flower
-c.
-f. flower
with
in median
part
of the
sectional view,
873).
sectional
complex Griff,
of the corolla
Rintz.
ssp. angustata
gynostegium
longepedunculata Ridl.
-d. flower
away.
with
—a.
30).
twin-pollinium (after
-g.
Ridl.
gynostegium from
7).
corolla
cut
Rintz
13. Dischidia
Fig.
cut away.
parvifolia
gynostegium.
away.
—a.
Habit.
view.
—a.
Habit.
-e.
flower
—
—
e.
b.
in
—
b. flower.
—
c.
flower with part
of the corolla
twin-pollinium. (after Ridley 15927).
pitcher
median
leaf in
x-section.
sectional
view.
—
-f.
c.
flower.
—
d.
flower
Amdjah 67).
Fig.
away.
Rintz
17.
—
d.
45).
Dischidia
bengalensis Colebr.
gynostegium
from above.
—
—a.
e.
Habit,
flower
-b. flower.
in median
—c.
sectional
flower with
view.
—
f.
part
of the corolla cut
104
-
BLUMEA
18.
Fig.
—
away.
Rintz
Dischidia
d.
nummularia R. Br.
from above.
gynostegium
Habit,
—a.
—
e.
VOL.
26.
no.
!.
1980
-b.flower.
flower in
median
Habit.
b. flower.
flower with
-c.
sectional view.
-f.
part
of the corolla cut
66).
Fig.
away.
19.
—
d.
Dischidia
tomentella
gynostegium.
—
e.
Ridl.
—a.
gynostegium
—
in median
flower with
—c.
sectional view.
—
f.
of the corolla cut
part
twin-pollinium. (after Ridley
15225).
Fig.
corolla
20.
Dischidia
—
cut
away.
pollinium. (after
Fig. 21.
—
d.
Fig.
—
c.
sectional
view.
Dischidia
23.
—a
above.
Fig.
away.
—
e.
24.
—
Dischidia
d.
flower
above,
—
g.
from
Habit,
-a.
above.
—
a.
Schltr.
gynostegium
acutifolia
—b.
ssp.
flower.
—
-b.
flower
e.
—
—
b. flower.
with
e.
—a.
Rintz
Habit.
—
acutifolia Maingay
—c.
flower with
Ridl.
view.
-a.
flower in
—
f.
Habit.
median
—
the
in median sectional
sectional
fruticulosa
gynostegium.
Habit.
gynostegium
-e.
in median
Dischidia
& Gamble,
flower;
in
median
flower
—c.
sectional
with part
view.
—
of the
f.
twin-
104).
dolichantha
—d.
& a". Habit.
King
gynostegium
albida Griff.
from
gynostegium.
Fig.
(a'),
Dischidia
22.
d.
Rintz
gynostegium
median
scortechinii
part
c.
away.
corona
appendages
b.
flower
view.
ex
with
Hook.
f.
(a —f)
of the corolla
b.
flower,
sectional
view.
-c.
—
part
of the
-f.
corolla
twin-pollinium.(after
—e.
twin-pollinium. (a
—
removed,
flower
in
113).
f.
and ssp. klossii
cut
away.
—f.
Rintz
flower with
—d.
19.
cut
Jacobs
away
5061).
(Ridl.)
Rintz
gynostegium from
—a'.
part
Rintz
20).
of the corolla
Rintz
cut
79).
R. E.
Rintz:
The
Peninsular
fig. 3
105
106
BLUMEA
-
VOL.
26.
no.
fig. 4
1,
1980
R. E.
Rintz:
The
Peninsular
Malayan species of
fig.
5
Dischidia
107
108
BLUMEA
-
VOL.
26,
fig. 6
no.
1,
1980
R.
E.
Rintz:
The
Peninsular
fig.
7
109
110
BLUMEA
-
VOL. 26.
no.
fig. 8
1,
1980
R. E.
Rintz:
The Peninsular
Malayan species of
fig.
9
Dischidia
111
112
BLUMEA
-
VOL.
26.
fig.10
no.
1,
1980
R. E.
Rintz:
The
Peninsular
Malayan species of
fig.11
Dischidia
113
114
BLUMEA
-
VOL.
26.
no.
fig.12
1.
1980
R.
E.
Rintz:
The Peninsular
Malayan speeies of
fig.13
Dischidia
115
116
BLUMEA
-
VOL.
26,
no.
fig.14
1.
1980
R.
E.
Rintz:
The
Peninsular
fig.15
117
118
BLUMEA
-
VOL.
26,
fig.16
no.
1.
1980
R. E.
Rintz:
The
Peninsular
fig.17
119
120
BLUMEA
-
VOL. 26.
no.
fig.18
1,
1980
R.
E.
Rintz:
The
Peninsular
fig.19
121
122
BLUMEA
-
VOL. 26,
fig.20
no.
I,
1980
R. E.
Rintz:
The Peninsular
Malayan
fig.21
species of Dischidia
123
124
BLUMEA
-
VOL.
26,
no.
fig.22
1,
1980
R. E.
Rintz:
The Peninsular
Malayan speeies of
fig.23
Dischidia
125
126
BLUMEA
-
VOL.
26,
no.
fig.24
1.
1980

(Asclepiadaceae) Malayan species. Ridley`s 21, two

Transkript

Podobné dokumenty

Thismia brunneomitra, another new species of

Capparaceae

Key to Dermatocarpon of the Pacific Northwest