SaC Geography CR
Transkript
SaC Geography CR
So.idl 6 Cubwat (;eogifhy, Vol. 8, No. 3, J'k'z 2007 lllrtl*s:." Countryreport Socialand culturalgeographyin the CzechRepublic: under pressuresof globalizationand post-totalitarian transformation Martin Hamol. Pet Dost6l & Duial Drbohlav Depa.tnen. of SocialGcographyand RcgionalDevelopment,Facultyof Science, Clarles Universi:vin Prague,Albertov5, Prague2, 12843, CzechRepublic,[email protected], [email protected]. [email protected] Introduction ralue,'rrrrtatronrand .rnrtuJe.,and thu' throrgh sr.n culrur.rl.'nheJJingof a,rual In the last two dccadesthcre }ras been an ecor,'ni. .'nJFlr'.rl l'. h rrr,,ur1tseersthrt rmp,'rt.rtt t,rr.rrJ' of <o,rinterreti,rrsrnJ irrtrr,r.p.-Jtn.es rn t!e 'hrft 'trrJr.r crlturul is'u,;rl'r Dx,rl or rh( scrence, currert world systcrrrlavc lcd to a scaleshifr -xral rrrd .rl.o,- h.,,r.r,rgr,,gr.phy. T\is them:rii in rcr((frion of Jiif. rrn,:crfr,'m rhc levelof 'ber*ccn , i[t h.r.heenl.n,rr6ht rl'ourrhrnush.rnumhcr nations to tbc orc of 'berweer, ofcirturn*:rn.c..I ir;r r\cn hr'. beenaccrl- .itili/.rri,,n' Do.r;l JnLlH.rnrtl2orl0t.Chrnginr,,,nd;ri'rr\of, (,'n,,r,i gr,'ut1.cn.l ma,, . r:'r.J rnr'',rtrior' r rr,linr.rJcpc,Je-ce' rnrh" rv,'rldry'r,m $ ,,h h.,\, ,,,cr(J,edJ\ cJ(r' valuc or;entationsof populationsin the ich rf sN,r6. ssni6..,n(( omic, social and cLrlruralrclarionshipshave coDrc to strcrch wo dwicb. Globalizatiorr arJ rtnd to in.rcrscimp,'n.rn,cof r..l'jecrire rarrheone 1r.,.cs.c.havelctJr,, rrew,nci.rlinequalrtir. fatt,'r, thuman.rnJviial c.rpitnll. h.,vc hcer paliri, r:alur also re{lc. r. J rn rcicnce. han.l.;ndanirLrl.rri,'n,,f p'^r urnr, nrlisr -rnJ si.rrulrarco;.11. rnd rhelir.,,,i.rria ns. rhrr oricntations,on rhcothcr (l nglchart1997).The hr' I'e,n growinsr, n.r,'rlm!,ng qomevtr1.F sdessnow !!rt upon globalizatio processes .ulrur.rlmrcr" '1'nurr rhe currentw,rrld tenJ. to emphrrre erternrl prr'r,res.r. thc "f (civ'tizationsin conccptionsof Huntirrgoi rorrrc<oi so.r.rlrnJ .rrlrurrl .1,rng., ukiug placein indrvidualcountries. leqh, {tr XR.jir 2rYr.{)rhI cann,nh. unJ.r\e.nnd.rherr h,rreI'ee- pre*urc' of po,r stood purely in terns of differentiariursirl ,. ' rr,'micd.r el,,prncnr lerel.tur rn t.nn',,fr rorrlirinrn lnr Fo'r J.nmunrv\ rrin'form dceper and loDg-termariculation of nrass atbrr. The collapseof the conmunist bloc at prinr/ISSN l,l7(l] 197onlnr/07l030t75-l9 ISSNI464-9365 O 2007lavld & ]iincis l)(x: r0.10u0/r464936070 1189029 (.,tn n t.pa,t J.q', ,.,nJ,ri.-\,,f J.rJrl n,,r,Ti JnJ politicil behaviourof socictal suhjc.ts, ancl thrr, ro i;lt.rrrl cnn'cJ(l(Jn(,,of b.l r '^ vil)Lu.Thesethcnes havc ircencontnb!ling to . ,rnn, r'rrnirg r .ocrJl re,,trrf'rt dnd culrurrl 5enlrrphy i- rr< frrnr.s,rl o' luman geography.tn rhe casc of eulrrral geo|raphy ore cin speak of a certain r(tn rl;.l',on oi rhis reserr.h frcld. \c"cr rhLl,$. r5ein.re.,i.,bi nporrrnc(nt'1, i,(.,,f soci:rl geographyand cultural geogL:rphyis largelv limited to the scope of human ,'r dd<lnp ;eorrrp5l. lrom rhe .r.rndpo:nr nf grnFr.rph,Jl ....nr rhe d,.crplirr.hor"'er. t'e,e r..<.rrchor.enr.,r on. Sarebeerh-:nping 19\ rrrrert* rnd drr-,.J t,'\r pnrr!,\r rese.rr.h p.'1.-"phyrou.rrJs,ncirl.c,enLr,..r h.,,r.rrr | '\n.ton.r,n g''11:-d \mrrh loe4r.Hns e\.r. in view of the developmentof other social *ie,r,e.. hu-)J,rgeo8rrph)occupie\J r,r' ginal posiriorl. AcknowJcdgcments This paper was cnrriedout with the inancirl support oi Reseirch ProgrammeNo. NISM 01,21620\11 I'y rhe Vinr'rrt.' 'p"r.or.d sp,rr ,'f r\r t zre': l.lu.arion. \''rrh r-d Republic. Soci6lnia kulturni geografiev Cesk6republice:v obdobi globalizacea post-totalitnitransformace Martin Harrpl, PetrDostel & DLrianDrbohlav Karedrasocinhi seosrafiea regionilniho rozvoje,lliirodovedr:rk,fakulra,Unilerzita Karlov. \ Prur, i\lbertov6,I,rxha2, 12841, (irskirrepublika, [email protected], [email protected], .lf bohlav@\natrrr.cLrni.cz 0vod v poslcJrr.h dvou dc.crrl.rrrh tlnchizr r prc..rz .rrtr ';ole.en'lyrL v,ri. r trki '1 r hunrrrrn,6co6r;6r L lrrzrrerrrr rnzroi J ,.i,x , l,ulurr, 1.n,ll. rr'|.,. fcnr" -^,,1 r r, .,rili fo{Ir n.r r.,,lL,t..rn Prirnjrni ,.1'h- zLIt 1.,urr,pitrln.m1 '.,,,t'r i \jlt qrlc6ensk! reality, ;r to v dvojirn sn:ystu Zy.hlcne prrl'ni,,.,n \\irov;h. .r.r(l,,J..r rrdy glolr.rlz,lrr prrxe, r.de l:lrirrz.r., .,,.,aInLh n(i\1,"ri,n'ntl t j,1rh zi,r'," r reflexi ve sf6ie vid1, politihy i obtansk6ho ui,or.r.7.rrrrenJo.hrzrLe konfronrr.rjeJ..^ rItyth so.iol,ultLrrru.\ mrl,o.)rrimi r.i!ill ,.'.:v p,,,rr,iI Iunrirgt, loar nrhoK,fii,h, 'n., lrn Llr.J,tr\\/ r',2,Ih',strrrclzrpo.uzorrr..'ri f^dl. f\" "r-i.t. f).lrj'*u. nlhr) |l.'JL l,lul':,.1., Jl',-t'd',f i ur\ric-ych \,dn,,r,, rj.h p,^t,,.,. a tcdy podlc \^c,otul ,.r,,' 4ll1 Marti/t Hdnpl ct ^1. jcji.h aktullnlho ekonomickaho zakoienanosti r F'lr.t,11,' .lr'v.rnr.I'r,rpn1,r:nsvir.rt.rl ..,1c k r,irrk,,rLrru f!'\uru t< \n,r.Jr' r ! iltiviTace odlisrosti z nrovna "nrezi |irody" n" -ru'en n,(,,i..\ iLTJ.emi,Do\r.,1., H.,rrfl \r'c.,fi.1,y pn l,{fl, miir dale nr.n, 'j?nrn) fnd,n,,rinoJ,el,rromi.lehorrrr. r hn,lrr,., p rr 'iu oblrrel r rril',,h.rtr -rjprJ rr ' 1ch ci\ il,/r.i: /\j{en) ryz-am,ubickllvru.hf,rl rorrrrI'd,(y a ro.ralnr ,.rlrnr J(Jne\r,.rniJ ^.rt\ f,r nrn,.rrrpo,r InJr.,.rl,.r.\ehio;,. !rc h'.1 n,i -J \IJneJ,. ne l,,rl. ,.,fl. lqq-,. bir,/J. JJ,,,u n' ll,,rnJEl,.l,rl,r.rin c,drnce.lrer " .r:rr zJr,t.rrr"^ i 1,,, , ., t.,1,uni|.h,,rnen v Jcdliotli!tdrrcnich. N., .lrJh,,- ,,,.ri . r,d.r,, v)/ .r-ln, dii\1edkypost-tora1;tnitransforrnace.Kolaps komulr*i.ktho blolu ur loncr 80. l.minul6ho stoleti piinesl zminy z1sadniho lr..t.'rrlik' ,yz,r,rrLr.r promitl.e p^chnpr r. l-" r J" ' ilnr, h .r t rr trr- rchl,,drr-e\ L (lcsLi n:prrblice. Pnd ielezn6 opony oteviel ccsrr I wrviieni demokratick6hosyst6mu ' {e. rere ,puleino.ri r , rr;n; or.err,/,,n el., .,,,F,e . dr,nrin.rn.rp-rrrrrrr f,,r., . rlfJ.Ld \o(.rlr r, 'l.rstnrir..1Xtn.r ,lr!r, . / d, n .1'.H. rn.rnrrr gr,'gr. rnil.rt.rloIn\rlrr'. '.,1r. rr., ,for ".,.e vlzn.rmny vlir n", diferenci.ci sociilnich, ekonomickich a , r,rir,,nmenr.ilnr h . p,'.lnr;-ck irk ',,1. ,e zc.-r, t.r\ r ;ednutlivlchreu,i^recl. T.rr<e u.r/.r o. /c unri'c. re.p. Doc.r.nchrp,'1.rr rozCele-' L,,ntinen .lok.r/.,1,'Jen \clml ,'mrzr"r pr,\,.-.rr irercirJl^..hoJ,'l',,.rr r ,-, ,r,f,,,".... .rrop.keh" pro,r,ru. '..' minlivost jcdrotlivich spoletenskich .rr|li,rnr: 15l.rr jr o\irm rui nr, \ trlJ. s"ii, t,''lr.r6. k, '..1..1,r.r1c. hrparrv r/sm pojtti jako nzcurni distribucc obyvatclstv:, ck,.,trrrlt r ,lrl'..h rarrzrini.h rktrrrt .r .r-r zejrrrIry.rknf,,rr"r'vrnihierar.hrccenrer. irfr.strrktufy (DDstil a Hampl 1994a).Post ror,rlrrr. rrar'form.,:nipro.eryl.yrrir obrllle rre\olL.ni,hi.rorici( Sodn,te-yiakoz.rr.rJnr /rnen).r\\a< roz..rh, hloul.|.lIrchro? n., ndliin.;. l.yh r jtJ-orliri.h 'ul.'t,remr(L lrrvi lirut-r6.lt ' ';Jni/Jcc 'fo'(i.r'\rl vykaz(,vila vvy,k(,u'ni.uinercie. \J ri, jnr ri.r. r" nezb)rrrezdr.r"znrr po\r r,' rlirrrr., port indrvri,rl-r -'uhcrn,\r tr.rn.f,r nrr,e u *\,Jlni.h:a rlon,'ntkt.i strulru-.cou mr szr.rrn pro or<rrr.i 'ell,j .o. ioger'c,ra frckeh,' rlzl,urnu. lo,r r-,1-. tnilli '\vol pii Jir drln (lonomicl). r i i siro.e .h.rprny drmuL :rr.zrinr !vr r. lr spoje!ri s prohlubovinim gbbalizainich lendenci. Z geogralick6hopohledu prorcr dochjz: ke kvrlrt.rrvn,promeneSier.,rche merrnp,'rnrch rrllu rntegruinre'rop.k' prostor a k formovirni nadnirodniho. resp.glotrlhiho svst6rnu:zr'. svitovlch vclk ,,mi.t . Ll lo- 2t101,. .',i,rlcni V r r-. | 'y\riT,' t-'- ',r,vrren)\ pre 'idi formy rzr.rhore orsanizacea je prohhbovenavnitiDi propo Jc_o,r.r ,'r8drrir,,\r t,,holo\),rer1u.I I rvrl cenrf! zvySujisviij viznam nadele, av5ak ! prre r.rJi pr,"tr.Jnrrum ird.hh r 'v).h rra-..rlinr.h [un].r rr,ortmannlq8tr. leJ nen.,,,, I r, 1*, hl,rni me*a. lreri porluir nadnirodni vrzhr . jsou postupn€zaileno r rn r ,r.,llob.rln.l, .r,,(h.e !elko,n;.r.Jfii ll tlohr v proccsu infenucionalizaceje viii e , po.r tor.rl.rn,.lr 1.r,rr ,ri, J,r.\ "ot\lj Ll, z"rr.rh. ;al J,,tli'l.i ',, qr,1 I'rrhy.lLr\., r rrj, metn'p,'l,tnircg,,,n tykJA'ri.r,J\tiir J) n,,milu ro7\,'Je,r/ rr,^.ir pnsdl jako !i.hodisko prnnirnich imptrlsi r.r!,,1 ,.1.}" i.["Jnr\,, ').r, L- lLr'"r.rl.. \clrrr z;,.r..,,drrienc lzr h,.!"iir o nr\lcJ rJ. r \tr,l,icn,tj(l \. 1,.)hl.,\n,.h 1"-l 'r.1c,,.ri \ I J)n.riiLf tr''rirr. r ;,ti.} t-,'r,' 1,-u \{,''r: l, f"l r .l\' : rl,'rr,',rrrrry. ..), H.IIt lvq4.,. lqv4h: Drl-i,\lJ\ J slk,,-, i. !uhurnr. u s,rr,,g,.,U,r.r'.it. I997i Sikora 199a).Obdobnt je pnsobnos -,...br. ( 'untt! t"t t! .tr4.: r.,fc J,' znrinr ntrrv l-['rr,.h n,,r , .Lrl.r.h p"-r tot.rl.L n.1,,.hrl-nc '.,. 'tr,' ' '.h (Dosril J,,,;rr,r,rr.,,. r:l ri ,i.nrich 2000iiMusil 1993). -r.,,.rr).r ncnl"irtn.,u J, rr.rr':.zJ..-.zrrr. ;. p',pF.',anegl,'l-.,1i rc.rlrr. rj. pr..lnr'ru r,vn:r.r 'f,l.i(n'Lj(1, zaani,posr'in!ir5rfiilnt i post-nltalitnizminy/ vid. iF ro orien,J(e , zJ\.r,ti r.,tyr!r'.i. ,. I r" tir v/Jrr.n proic'v 1.roh)r.r; lodr:t.r problan- .f^iiv.r v I.,rJrilno.ri -',rli/ VlJedl. n Jr ieJn,tllvch kon.cn.,ipi,.r,p.'.r \ jejich .'rr.rrrch" ryr,1r g,', ', 'l \.1Jr | \lo/ n(J^nJrri rempr.piJ"\,nr 'n'*rrl r Hrmpl "',r , ,y,1'. ,*tr. h.\r l'"t 1995;H3inpl2000a). -;.r-rz..r t ',-.c V:(. Ir Jr'\ur"f.r-,1pnrhlrmy rr''u .h:ri rr,1rr, r r . Irrr , i .o; .' Irr r/rr . i i,, l.,lrl ranr " :r .e po. )opiieln; rn'. r.,, L . F{ri r'' eri.t.l,tl r pri' \ruiJ\n\ rjr,1 h-m:nnr fr^.e') ,cg,onrlnrrelri dife,enco\rn;.V r||pJLle Lcosrafic.., ru v irdi ohld- \e /!)iend n,ire. po.r rorrlirr\|Jh/F ni J( v'r', ,lozrro.r.men J< d:sle.licm koi\en.e. i.rl) ,,r.rre\',iicl rF,minJe pe\.r/re roui\.rn pro Seo8rrFi d.rlc u-u.ninr .pcrri.lln: l, Jcl r|rrrr .r,'lein,"r: ',, ,,an.tigr"6rrfie v angl",.r'k. jeji.h .,\rLnl,,i.pul<ie,'ke rr.,n'r,', , 1. l', . !\e.e fron, ra r Jo.rud,,r fir. [,,h.,r , A-,sr rlir vr sfrir renrike .r ., |'rl -rn -'crrlnr .o..jlnr piedevlim a to ve snyslu z!iieu€ho seografie, !ru{-.rfi( nat'i. f..:c'1.(- -fl'.' d..r.r/un.rpu.riienr,ir.ihokontertu.. po.lmi nizozems[6nirodni gcograni. V poslcdnin rirorti a souviskrsrlaktLrilnlch vivojovlch ;rpade ie rhnJndpo/nrmenrr.)e.o"ir.ne frrrlid;iLi iroro,,neniro.irlnrho a hum.r n,r"\ ie,leF.os-rfie,b)iji,cx,rnkrir:,,u,,,ne 1e Ju,leJlerl ir\ehosi boje , prehrr.rnrurir'l y,h rr,', ,i \ d,,her^rrlir): ,'ii...;lnl T6marick6 prominy icsk6ho sodogeogr;rlick6ho studia /l"r"inarr \p'.'rLcn.l,fgNgral'c r grr'6 .rfr ck,,n,,,nr(1.,,,, l.! ., rmro /ri\,'lr(m f,^rurngeosr.rfrr prrl ,' r, o V.e.hni u\jdeni r,,'.nin\ \( pochoprr")n. r p.rLlika.n,.h .r\rir;r.ich prorni*ji do vizkumna oricntacesociilnich r f,, r^,r lnNq -.rLrrrcnoi.r.r .i ,lr.l,:rrr\' \cd ! e.Ii rf..hlcu ., frinJiei, /rr.,,lnr r i .r 'iJ(''.'l-r.kr vol-it(r r .r,,hrlnrt:rl ' 2r,.... J, r'zlu ln1.h trnrupu. Nekdeirl l,'n.!p., \u.,r1,,, sL,rF,Jfir , rm. /L dlky svimu teoreti.ki sch6inatafungo!.ini spoleanosri,v ,,soci:hri" bvlo spiie pros.rditeln6 (Jl Fprl(i.n\\' n- ' nyrlrrnr) hrrl r rn h" nrL, J"r',rno'rly zleJrudu.oreelnno.,,i.le t nn-r',,\.. ,,/ r,,,r.rf \^'n,' kultunr. ktere hrl\ p":li. ,\.,/our,\ , r,,! spolc{cnskouradsravlmu v lrl.rxistick6nr i- u knriz',v.,n., r.rLr n".rlckrrtrrrta rrefu.rLr j,.,/ viii irdo\i .l.rir"j,r .o.irlni reJliri modeluspoletnosri). rF\t. Ji'u p',,,," ,'1'-2, ',n". To ir r ,l,e J:k;/ h1J,'l"r'r.,r'*ar" \ ,,',,.r,'.i.i,r. J( ,,d!o:/enr-rir,in., 1r', s'"r.,gr,'gr.rn,ly \ y/\r r . h.rr.r\r,n'r..l) Jr.hi-.r\u J,' ni. '.,| r,,u'r<f p" r-r $r\- |.) h /.;Jn| rc nJUJl) z ','r,I rfri if I iJ{l ,'1,, Lli 'mire* "\r,l nim r krlturnim tal<toriin a projevrirn.1"cnto "rrcrrr^r'inl, 1 r,r.kim !,rjn,".nrr. vc /\)i.1,' mr, r" pl.rtr p,' ,r.1,'.. n,"u,, tn,,.ii, ,\iin, ; i.,Ju Fprrornol,p,cL -,Ji.r'ri . ..; ennrrh l,'nf .t.1cr loncen'ro'J,,e ge,,;rrFi, lror I tr. \.r/n. /r"ro/n,^rrr ' \. ,J,.1,).h \ p,nr rr,,'Jrnrr.rptr*upe.l icl^rr rrmirrrrgc"r'rfii.n,'k1.,1.,,','tJrJi,xd-. pievJ,i Dost,;. t6mii polovin:1alirkfi vc dvou r,,lin,., ,,lrli!i/.i.,. ,\l,r),r,,,,' .rrljrL'rrrz:cea t,,t nejr)/-.rrr clirJh..'[! h .;'.'grJ6,[!. h arsoI ci .nrinu\r. zcrrlcr..l piscch v poslednich l0-15 lctech byl3 mativnl orienracehodnoceniapod. I kdy, ic 186 M.trlin H,t ryl t \ . . i{ J I J ^1. | | J \ J . u . , , 4 L U x' J' .kt,d n J,,,,..Jr k ji: b)lo v nlodu naznaacnol tcrtu vi!oi byl po r. \, t e\ q, l) . I L. lj ., -,v n , J r ' .1 .IIJ ti .ki v dns ledk t rdv o u z i k l a d n j c h p i j (' i f. Il v o u l r l .r p ' . , , r t . lr r : / n r .. r .tu l ,..1 F l ,c h " .. r, n ,,,J . r r , . t \ t f r , " J \rr.,i ,C n i j .,.r,o J . rr\. gtr4rr lir od gcogr:lie svdtov6,tak i toralitLri.h .,l e "l ' qr . ' t . \ br r ierz n e ,n o T n u i r.rc h ' \,;\' J n e h rd :r, . bu' l. ll , r r ' f,,l ,rh r, /.n i -) l )h ,l rh . r pn: r nr t c m . , r\,1 ,, p u !u ,r. rJ . /T ( r spoleaensk6reatity samotn€, a redy samotn6ho rre d m et r r, n, : io6eog rJ fi ,l .e h *" r d i a . Z r" n i ' ' .r,'.[ , l , , ' in r rJ n i ,r ,]/k u r,,. r.,l I '-, I rcilni vreiogcogralicki strurl<turyr p()cesy. \ " l' . . . r r " ' r r r r r;r' ,r' .' .i ,1 ," -rr" B' ' q ,rh .\r I " f , z . . r J ' .h .,.' r' , h ,c c l q .q : p re -:J . t J " l . c rr .rl .p ,* rrr1 n rru ,l ,,l ,,,r y r r t r c nJ l. 1 r ' r rl .rr , .,1 < " .,ti ri - '\i r" f f,t\r l n. / r t i\ i\ r r il r q' ,,F rrl i . . /J r' l r, ' J ,ri e n i /( \'fl Jl | , 4r r u d tu p .u f i, *ua ri l l i i .rrd i .r rn zn t t , t _r . r . v - l .r ' , r/, , r" /m r\l a n I p .,,b l, m r r . J . . . . l. r , l .r\rrrl rru ,rrrr.u b ;e rtrr , ,.i i | , r , , n j !l /-i rrk ,,,1 .,,.,1 . : ,. . \ , r , : - .h rr.rl ,rc ri s rrl k e + r.d ru .h r'.r l r r r . r r k , . m ; kl l c h . M e ro d .c k ) j e r.,l d o p l r lo! J ' , e\ r ( , ?ivn r r,z t< -m rtz l rr ,rrr i n re nz i\ , r jln ( v c sn ,v s l u r)z l i (c n j Sa v ' ]fa 1 9 9 2 ) . Nic nr ini h l a !D i s v 6 to v € p ro m 6 i rv teoretickich koncepci a jejich alterrativ bylv .<.1 ,' r lr er r 6r , . r ' rJ z n c te n rn rr,r..r..1 . r\ 'l ' h, r I ' c 1rr " / \ l e n ). V :,e o b e .n dtre \ J ..r.,l c Ja l Jur . r z n: em r n J l ,v !v /l u m., i trrr\ r , . r l , p. \ . s lrrh l y t' ^ r" J l r,' ' r, r' . l .Ir .1 ' L rr lr . , r r ' , c , ' z , , |. n ,i l ,, t,r\,1 .f,J ,l l ,,, .r',i. r,,, ril,,.l ,'lfJl,) r,'Jr \ , .,rr k ,.,', -T ,'l-L'r '. li'1,uJ 1dc,' vvr'1' '1'c.rFckin.r L" ;,''r--rr.]<' studirpo r. Iexu i. "lr rrrri ( rJ. r.,..rt ..ryrr, r n, nnr,h,"rl-. ,,r' ".rru t.rnrup.^t.t, t.rlitnrtr.rrr.f,'n :.r.1 rr. rrhrzrJ,'(rll. rr1.hrr. n r I'r,' gc,';rrfir. (:.. grr/i spolcicnskltranstormaccsc dosrivii ncjcndo l,,t ., \r,t um,. .r)r 1,tn J,, inrcgr3aDiiunk.' dik! kon4rlcxrl povazctito r,J \|. IrrJrf. , , r , ' n , 'r r . ,. ,,\( reltJ i ,, polllcdu svatu!arseosr:rfie,ireboi traldor' ',,J.n' rroce.\ j..,, v r.rJeohl(du hi,ron.l,) Lrnjl(irni . t.k6 byly velml dnlezit6 prc, pn, h"ncn, c"r ql,'l-.rli7r.e,D,,'r.rl loqqr Dosl:rla Hampl2000;Hampla kol. 2001). rymczcn,jr I hl(di.l., ./tih. rem.1ri.Leh. vhodnanejprveodliiit dva sklpmy vizkunn ,.,r....rr,^,J.,,.,.h I l-lil,:.r ir.l.y.\ .uc rl ri,\ 1,,',grrf, 1,.\,', fiel,r,ruJi jednJL rynredcky zam;ien€ studie postihujici celk o!o- \r, Jlrur., \)','j 8.os,rfi.\c n,grn,/r.! ,fo',\',,"ri,,Fi,",..li/.'.c. !i,r rr.h,"rr,l.1nr., .,.,\'\ou ., rti rgr'"rrl rr :p,. -tuJrr Hamf rl."l{ . r,rr.rl p"rcc , kumplcrr,m ?iibir|n1, pieliird kolektivni dlla-kter6 v ,:,,.r, ...p'lrin(r, /.,,,eruJnJ \/ul, \jvul . !/ile,, e ovliu,o\.,n,hhvni.\ JozeL .ocio sr\r.nu. ( r\ro i,ou ol..' trr,' gc,.grrh,r<eho CruLl zrmerenr\'-'l rno\rn! 'H.rmrl J l',1. 1996, 1999,2001)a |o piedeviim! nrovn, celostimich hodnocert.Do jist€m;rvobdobnt l.yl1 ,r..k zpr.r,^r.,ny i InFn l^!c \!,.i geografiek€musr.rvv {nxpi soubor post. to'rlin,,h /"rrr-l),Fr.'l lqvE/, ., LUv:e ne r r'\ , gloh,il-r N'rurnj 20n1,. loret .( u\iem r) ka rrel.llr\,,im.rl)chre$ionuir,rnr.i rcpublikvlnapi Anddl2002). Vr. ed(r rr. lrt,' .trJir ;ir..c,ly i rJ. . -eski f,. \../rc ',\\.,n ,.,l-r,.rn1.h /J,.ri,r: l!orrrnurrc, u,,1. .,Je 1,/r(ciu Jln' hierJrchie ,, hl..rr.kr Ci .trr.i.rcc ..u\f \',,\r, \)\n( -i,,,r',,.1 j.J, .,r.1,.ohrrr r 6o,s',,lrri.ler st,.l,'nornr.l. rr:rlr,'poJ"l,,,,..rrraklrir, (rcviralizacrzitado-vichodnl ronalit]), z'ir r/n,,n, 'c'.k ,\ni or,crrrri ngr,, rilnrho vimjc (prcsazeni tfznich mcchanjzmri r l.,mbrn:., r rcrl(cn! u nuclck)\n a nivetizaini Ndporcvani livoj ekonomikl v totrlitniD obdobi) aj. Analizy rransfor maiDich proccslrvedly postlpri k rozliSeDi J\,'tr poCrlrl tr.rnJor ,cc \.r'r',rre. re\p. k r,.zLitrri k.,,,hrrr,r,r rrL,,,p,,tupi-,herI (^rht.t spccifickich podmin6nosti,,kredodoha' p".r r"rrlrtnr rr,rn.f,ll.nr.cr rz\cn .1.'ra rn)n.. rj:,r,,,,1,,,,,,.rr nrprrr,rrh,, rypu l'.\r.rl . H. ti r"",,,. oh,cni,h t,.1". ' ninosti soL,aasnd nesrartovan6,,dlouhodob6'" tr,rrsforrracr: f,ost'indusrrillnj (Hanrpl l0o. V t-,. ,, pnprJ. .. cJrll pred.,i.,, u tarJe,.- reu!r.,6.fe -<.L.rribu.eei"n, nrrlr .rnzro .,rrr";ulrrn..r rrcjl'r , pr,,pr siv etononickor struhturou a naopak JIl..m obl.r'r rrzlch,' pr. rn1'1..t.r prrp.r.l .Iu'err n lr'l i.'ti'n pr.h,.l-,"o";nr elo n,,n,r.'1.h .tcLlr ./. )'..r! \\/'iJm lid,kiho .r .o.r'L.rh" l.rprr,l. ,r;.oJ.. o .lurL.riclcnr pojeri jL \..,\ Tu)nc ,..oiir i u ,,mor e ..ge,,g-rfie t-rn.forr rce . \r reJ,,€,rrr-e jr z\". rrrrrr; geogmliestnle.c-\1. 'rrnJor .n.r.e.l.r.rr .rr", .ie I r r.."n r '1.retler,, (F''grrf..li. h ldkruru podm',,ir.rJh ",,enrni drfcren.r,'t.p.le.nu.ri r /er',n.i jednorekr ".lrnridrJ,ci.l-kumunrr z h.drsL.,rr.rn.for m.ini irsp6inosti.Na srr.rn; druhe ie gr,'gr.rti. !r ,*;crr d,'rrrr tr'.'nsfnrm.rcc 'r. u.rcrspnle.nu.ti!,rr,r"n \1,trr i 'Ju. r. zrniny v feg(nl:rhri piisobnosri stiedisel, l\.,1,.,r! pru in) .rJt ni L reurorulr (;er,r.h c rpod. ./ied1od, 'H.,mfl 1o",1,. r',ztlrl-o+ ., prr.r-py .l ..rrrrrr "l " h ',1, '.,n, J,l cr(n.,rc( r.u,rr'. ' .,ll: l.uJ podlc ckonomick6irrcvni (DAfi1Hl)\'loblr.) nrl-o podle u/pm-r inte zit' .lonumil, (nirpi HDI'/km':). DruLou skrpiru srudii piedsiavujevice l,,rrr,,r',rrrr s'.ltr ,fc,iJli?,'r)n. /rmiiL -).h trJ.r. V r"nrr" P1.rJr l-'- Trermf t,'r-plrrni t''n.,t"*an: J, J,viri. a rc zvliiti v a,isrcchvanovanich intcrpfctnci r wsvatbvini qisledkir anali? Vi \r".r fr".r .c q.r!r. !.i/, i pr,'Flcrrr:trc. osldlcnia obwatclstva,krcrri ic iii tradiini v irdru pozornosti i,:ski xlciilni geografic l: u.\r'rnr.ri.: t,n\1,) /t)irl_. ) ,,ficnrt\/ '.,r r ;rrr-r,},.razrk..,'.,ifj,,fn.r,,ri^. t.l\rt 1a' rrz,nlrh,,.'.rrc.rl', re;r1*r 11;n"mrl"u 7. rJn.K rerntJrl llr fn enrm Ji rrr,rr',p,lirni nl' J'ri h r,' ncJ"nr,vrojnrel.r \ i(J,.h,.im.i tr', /.JmenJ ,.rr'.rlni :j'r \e \'.h rrri{ '.nn,er.i.rli,,.,(e. inrer...,crnrr.rLz.,., .t-i. .r rul url'r-iu.ttnr uo rl .D-hohl.rr .r srlor.r tq., r \jl,r.r 2'lltr \. .hrr 1,10t,.V pirfrrli \l<J,* rnrcerrerreJl:,'.r'i.r. .r .p,.. rl ; ll r'r1 jsouziereln6 poslitcnyi doprdyglobalizrcc na .poleien.' y nc \\,, J,,,n,,iih u/c rzmin..nr h'tr -krur r\) lor,' I qqa'. :,rl.url."rnizrinl proces1", kter€ byly za rcci.lizmu ,,p1:inovir6" urlurn.,r 'ie np, l\ner. r,\orir ,' lonrrrme ropol./.r.i- Do'rrl , HJLpI l')ql lo')4rr ryrob iryzn"rnne zrlenl r geogr.rGclem ' rspnr:rfl.rrr nrgr;.nrir)fok. (\) \.ir:1r\ fnlir IeqU'. \liFr:rinrpro!c\, i^\ei,, picd.r.rr..iri Jrln ,p..,ri.lo,, r.,rr:rr\u rl, rr,lrrrchr1z kumir. Pl:ti to jak prc' \,ivoj geografick6ho u\poiJ(r,i'lr\ni'r, \':rr'r,rir':,.c'.-.rmrl Iqqq) )001: Drt'ohlrv ' l|rick lqe2; r,ir L t,r'i t. r'.c |,x- .)inl rrar,'t.; . r rrrtc zrt. -iSrJ(c /.rlrrnrinr ,Drboll.'v.2001,2001; Drl'ohl,v J Cermrk l99tl; j.nski a Drbohhv 1999). Viznan \rud,a! ,,t-u\tar,,,r i6r.ceje r i.rdi uhledi ' ponere.h ie,t e reprlnkv s1*cificly.neboi po,ri\,,je neien ..pii.azene' J oiek.i\Jne :le r dr'ltJt, r-o,ir) rvru .ul.rrrl'r'riz.r.e. prern.rrrlr.r,hJef.'rrnr.rr.r hrt,',em trhLr: virazni poklesmisraanimobiliryobpatelstva .rl. R,,^. , !-)/\urn( ir nr*tr rrrrgracni trt hlrm.rti' r,e prrno.nyi ver *ol'e,nemmrrodu l,'gr.kir s-r Ju. nch,':1-r.ir( ! ich,,riuLiivu .rplit,', 'ry r d.'lc r,'r'rj n. I'eh,'r.,'r.rhri pilstupy:1ntstrojc iitcnzjvnthovizkumu. V!zr<r,nr r,lrr<rivity u ,'r rrtc. n(ruts.,'grJfickyfh ta,hlcmdr\ J"'u D'd.rdr-i,'m./fnijir. /J' " ti(rd;r,'lfJr; o larralrl yr,y ln.rti. r./.rmi\rnJr,'n- I,T.i lqe5: d,m,,gra'.1, 'rru\rury- 11.rfl,i],,\ileeer 'fl-,' ,' iirir,,rlJ mc-i /dv.rin"r rc ndril.u \crk,,\r (Kubci 2000) .r nr!azuilci problemariky 188 Mnttin Hnmpl et ^1. rekrc.,J( (l'i.ku,.r 2',ul r r/v. drul,.l'r I'yJlcnr Vrgn,r J lol. 200d.. On'e/JnJ r',/.'r-,^r v,1-,'vJ-J.r,k,,-,." rrln, p.osrrf r vcnkovu, rcsp. perifernin prostornm je viak ... zJ.'rl,',' J...ledtuzr,'lcnel.o u,lorrdr-r ' rol,,,r, Jed,,\J-,.V(e,,h(ni je r.ri; mo:n ' j.h rru\a/o\), \i,r,n. .'e.ly.h gcogr,rFcl di. Fr,lirnrch ,'rl.,.ri 2,, ,nii. l-lru,-es, "g t.lcl,, --z , ,.,, gr,,sr..i"lcho rypr. frunil,,ry ,'rr:ute r..hru frJ.r -., r', | \e .-rr,lrnpurrr,rrr . r''. .rgr,,rr.rl-r gc,,gr:fii-zriiu je jej;cLr<,brxori z.rirzcni. ::r:5i\:il","",f iillt::,1;ii:*':i",ii,T,: ,rirh u, r'rlrch ie.l r'rcl, pol,ryrrji.r\ tele ,rcnri,r.ir... l ornr {udie mily p:<,rzrrx pnpi- ) ,in\enr.,fl/,i,'r, ch:rrlter. l.1l' /.rnirrn) m,'del{:r,r/.mr ln:rnr.Iti\ 'rJ qo I I' r rrr .rrerodrLr /t r.,rorin, r,r, rtr{'.,.! f).\oztr ) J.|LBrirl<tFr.l"\nt, J'i '\ \!l,ndn'\(1r .rlchr,...1 h,, tn'\t' r".., ft,, i'.'k,m Lrr"rrcl,,. z.'l'r'r. rh'i ir.,"in \).hoJr'\.r hfl jr7 r," lr+l rl{rc|' I L,'1. 1995).Vhodn€ uspoillini darov€ zikladny u rn;nrlu Irmu irne r, .rihnoutrr.l r"rntr ,1i.nl.' \, dife-en.r.i \)\,'je .rfl,l,n,rJ.Steri a novr rcm.rt.r r c,;rkr kulturnr ,,1,r /u',i . zhodnocerrr sourslo,rr t<.hrL, geo![afii zlllin s rozmani{mi faL(tory prirodnini r spoleienskimi. , l-r, ,n .. ,p,, .l .r .u1|uri\l'/J,rt Tnt,r.rrJ rrrr r u.rrl,,,l,',ynren.Lj.h I -.r r dvojiho qvpu. Prvim bvlo rozlileni dtliich Ec,'gr:fi.l. r.rr.rrrl'. .r I,'.ri r.; / ,li\odu i(il primikovosti se sf6rou soctrrgcogfafickou, errp r odporidri.rr h,hny.h rl,p"Jnrrn: h,.r.rt(.,;r,sr:6.l, rr r llr,li-r ng,.' alrrt r(-n Tr i rSrirI J 1,,1.2,"'lr. i.,r,'(r.rt /:,.I gr',5r.rn.1,,'u neh,'z .l rr,.r'r ;1. rnroi.dnc 'l"h.rLrlr nr,^r'rJrr, \im rrlu /n;r,\.'. fr'r/,rnr^dn''r ,.rb', m.1,, do,rup ycr i-d!.itorl ohecrre r( Irnr,r( 1r.,\{,i \ lrltrdi.e\l ' gr,,srrfi<,' tr'.,b hLrr r.h ,:,n, pied\r,,!)npllarln / reJrie,r.r.lir rrnr.h l-l .i /.in'\ei. turre gcogrJfickcho.\i,,,n,u. I'r\e du mrjl zdrlraznilahistorickl sreci6k. vivoje naieho inr,gr:jlrr p,,r rl,r r .'.1p.'vr,l.rir rrroJri\t' u2.,,\. t,,\.'lfi-r -1r,'J',,',,1 lcJn:l prrn,drrr.. r:ri l,{tr1t'-,luhu,n, dfod,rh, vilnana oliyyrtclstQ, extenzivniprtnryslori rlruj ., u,'prJy k".,Ll|\,/dce/e,-eddl\rr,, a jednrk tonccpc,,,nova"korcspondlrji.i s rovou regid:lri scosrafii.Tictim typemjsou r,'ulrrrrr 'rhdnlr, .:rl..m/enredel,r\i v p^,r , rulu- y prr.,.rlrrrhlr.ltrrrnrlvl. lturnege, r,rrr'rrnr tran.l,'-n r.r'. Ilrul-rr.r r r,.lr ohledr r.,-e.pc-J'r'..nr*vrrreriLlt rn rr.rl srifickich jevn a procesn-naboicnsk6 a pem byla i etapizaccvi\.ote mter;rkcispolci .r.,r"d,r".rnr.trulr. rr. 1,,(r'rrrl.lturnr'pe., fika apod. no'ri .r pnro.ll 'ltr.r( loq.. lqc lri:n'i\\ Prv6z.nleienl vizkumLl mi nejdelii tradici, lohoto smiru kulmrn6 geografick6hoviz nel.oiz,r1 :.r1,'ir\rr \ ru'r.i,n,"n.bdol r. \ kunlu mily i iirii kontcrt, nebot propojor.,rll '.,Jc .J lf.l. 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J Inli ,cr,.,rr Nr lc h\ \c \'n)\lu 1' r,,h"..i cl<ononickim,s<rillnnr, ale tak6 Listorick6m !/\lcdcm l. rp.o'ii,"r, \!v.Jeir,lr\,.l"'', J. r;r. tr , rilrir,r t,.,/,trni,nr\c r,,rrzJ.",.,r.rri .r l,'k.rlnrch ur.rz\1rtlrnrrryres.,'rru kum..nrr.l ;cyi.hpodrn.neno.t 1.o.ro'lulturnirrr,'i' r'rr ",".,in,,irn..rc,p.d,lonrinuirou.neb,,ipr , e rf i f\r ., r"\.\) .'j, ll.,{) \\/,, I r ,, L,.,",, ,:D; \fi, ../n,.r-f(i.,o\r f( -rtir Ir.{ p n'r,rr. p,, ei;. r .rJbiliTr.i i tr, xli.iviz"c; endoserrich zdr)jft jejich d.]!iho r),!ojc. l)i,vody zri(cnaho badatclskllo zljm! o tlro otizky jn)u n:r,lcdujici: I Spoleacrlsl(. trrllslofnlllcev post-totalilnin ol,dotr re.lez.r(o..ir.L rel.kirnmr uzo. .r \ pr';rl. I'orr-r p"hr.rr jddrcvich r periii.njch pfoltoril. IJii olile t ,,, l\.,r .,.,tu f,,,t,rl 'rzr .rn, al.trrt '' L.,- . lom. ' '1, ixkoib rozvojovah,,f.tntr!. 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V prilbihr: por)cdnichlet byl lc:riizorir rn,'.rhl1 qz ,.rn po\rrricn,.h obl.r.r. pre zc t,rrny r,r,l,rr privrrrc Iul^l,if-,.h p,,h:krcr..lei.rh.l,loq'), lrirl-\ J \"1. ln04 .,rd.. \lcJ,,\!n\ l',1! / J,rin.,. ll.r, 'l-yv: rel,rrr a lok.rhri.h rn.rr-'r. ...' c'rup.<e integraaniprocesyv rirovLlimiiitkovi niriich nzemnichstruktuf,viloj vz;ijelnrich vzt.rhiia postojil obianir oddillnich srrtnl hr.n,c', zDrinyv p()pustnosr; hur;c.rprxl.Vz|ledem L, g a6rl r h r, r.1' -1,''nrr.r','/r,^r' " "' a prominlirostl sirracc v pohr';niil bvl:r zvlii(r l pozor ott vinov:lr1r i srnotninru v)-,.?"\;ni l''l-r, .r .lll. ll /.,nnl, .Lri,rn\ 20rl,r:\l.r.r.l.r)n0l' llled,rn\b\lr rc;en pod-tarrero,dly me,i rnr'-o,.-irn r F\r.rr': m. J c -.'/.1ly ,,e/rp,,rrr-i.nrmi.r rn trozenstyri periltrnrnr. relrrir-, r,r^. rr\Jii.i-i rri\B -(Fi,'n\ pr rl (m r/,. vr ir:-j periferier.T.'r,,.n,\ ,,i-c.'.,IJ pod\l.rden olr. r.r,r J 'l-.. 1..,,h1c.r J r rcgjon:rlni identrry a merodikv p;isluin6lo (hrom: )u0tli K.rldu'r )UU5t. 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Podikovini I'jilspivek jc jednim z vistLrpnVizkunn6ho zlnrlru,\.tSM 0021620831Gnancovan6ho trIiJristerstveIn ikolstvi, mltdeic a riloviclo!' |Fr r c Kr m<,hilizrcr:,rfragrncrtacekomuri*icklch r'Jrr.'.r .lr^r.rl l"u'r'. pu.r,,j, r. .r, L ,"'.,rnih remj.h rU k e\rufJ )n nre8rrinrm (Dostil2000b,2001.2002rDostil procesirm . M.rkuse20011. Rcferences/l,iteratura Arddl,J. {2002)so(iogcosfutckil lori-ny . J,,., l{..,, Zivirein6 poznimky v p '.1 . r...,,r. rr l Lr.,hdn.h.rzrc vyz\uru v h-,lrrnnrtn'FrrfiiL f),,r/-anrl r'\-nu. Nr ,tr",, n., nr,l un 1,rt c .rr.r ,1 1c l,,cr suhl-l z 1nr .,v<J.rcre-.,,.e ru n..n.v.rzu;r.r rozh^do'.r.i proLe\\. -J ,'rJ-i Jruhd je snahou odhalovat srolcirrsll icrolnovehy J l,,r r\\ h,'Jn',|| ; 1r.h ;ri.rrrr.l','.rrr;n$c tak6 zvyiuie pozornost vinovanir hlubilrn 1,"lrrrr-irrrc- . \r,,.rl,i1,,,(1.,n,,.r',(l(h,,.l p,'lirr,leho. h,.,jr, 1'olFcin.l\. h \-hjekri. r t.Jy *'cio),.rltrrrr zJl,ye_e a,rj r,,hnro.hu trn,. l,' r.e p-.p,\ r ' trn. lFi' nu?i.e'o.irlni U' 'rr.'fi. r gr,';r'.rfir lrr t.'ni r rarn.i V prrpJdet.,rlt'rrnigeuhJm.rn.rrqeoFr.,iie. .'lvr\ d"k,,nce .r-e hitr.nr n tetl srrfie re ,i 1r. .i ov ,!\.t { 1r.,. l '. ',.,tn1. V )\"i I4!J \',..,i 11,,' rr...\!c , .r' L I l ../.-,nn i c., ,"l n irfuhr .1 i , \i ,. ., \ I J f.'.n. " ': ." ".d;'.\' ,,. +,.t, sl,o/rttat(;.tro1:13-.2t. t , . 1 . . . a . t '( . . , . . r ! 4 j . v \ , r . , t . , . / , , r ', \ , t..,. l '- a Jl a.. a. i.ti S t , 1 t L ( a l '- : ::10 2.r9. I r,l r,i.1 ,G.. " " , ', , r - , b r . , . , , a J -.r,, l1Jr,u {. 'f er.,f. c , . 'r 'r '. ' '; ' '. " (., t \J. t l ''! u . . i1 ,, I rrnhr. -..1t -, 2 8 1 2 r : 2 13 t . 1 . . .I l , - '. . ,;, 1 . r - \ r . , 'e "F"c. , . 'l r .1,.;. . . .,r 'r '. . r , , ' ' - r \ e . ' , / r \ R . | . f l . . r ' < r . n '{- . . r . . , , dI I - r '. r i . . \ . I l ic.ll fh? ClDuskeNatffi oitl)( ]>copk lNiMnent N t"tnat", t . r d . h . t 't . - a \ t d , rl lr.re' L , . . . , , f ! r . r , . . - r | ^, r\."1r t. h r ),.. ' Iniik. l, (19'r7) l,ong ierm lrur$ NnrR riLradior rndlysk: rhe ci* oi laud usc chansA nr ihe Czsh l { t . 'b l . l i l I 'a '. r r H - , \ . , - , . i \ . J '. 1 , r ' d '. 1 ( '' l4 R.rrn'.r. Amh k 3wa,f t r j, r al. ! t r i; n, pi. 1l- 19. B fit.l, (iin z, A... lr niik . V. J c lc aet , 1. .M c js n. r ov i, l loqn 1. n, U. . . ' d, ", , . , r i. . i. 'r\'.f.'\.\ rr (17..L R.publi. l$.15 1995, a;&,rur!, Jrom& 1i r , 1 ,. , J. .... r . r.r.\ , . , i, . . "ir ir clrin i.rin.lth c r s oc ialdr iy insf of c esln c z ef L, x r h e 'n 1q! rn.1,:othccnnrrics.L,,./ Lr'rePoln:-r18,6-i 7J. ('l.otk, Z. (1999)l)isddctir. li.rurcs ol d ipr.rn l!.hc ,r ,.Int'rr.. r ' 1r r "l r . : . . . ' , r . r ' ij' , , 1, , , ,' t.n(|nl 1 dnda, nntn n tn tlr <:--..hRetubh., l'tttlr\ l_aoltv ofScicf.c, (ilrrrlesUrivcrsiq, pp.20, 12.:. 1 l' . \ . J { . , ' . . '-1,./. ritli ldch ! al0\[a rdplbliro. n1 llamd, l\'1. rcd] n ,. r-th. .,1 . 1 t t f t , . ". b. t , . , t . . - . . , , u op .l) l J Aue:l. ' . u n . i t.n . S.ic..c. Chrrlcsl).lec6ny, rt. 87 !r8. , i l, . t ' l , ..,-.t \., ){1\, '..,'.r.,,..,; .\.,, r.,'. .. . I . r "+ ' . 5. 1' (;r,-(/,14- &.,,,1 (ra;r"I0t: ril-tt. ,1.. ,\ t -r0 r r I , f . . . . . , r . 1v r t . ; i. ^, i' j ./f"r'., : . , . i. , n, , . 1 . . / . , - , r . "...{ ', J,. v., chrcnr!, P isd llarrd.. II. lcds) C.osur( ,a ..!t.h t..nini. tr.\suo: Ir.lht oi Sci.n.c, (lhxrlos llnivcrsit),rp . I6l- 178. Chrmi, l'. 12()0ibi l'leN{,v of lindsc.l'e .nd resFnxl idcntitr: lotcnlirl lor,.gri.rl n.v.li,pmcrt .l Nl pherrl rsnn6, i. lrlfiel,. 1.. chunir r., J,nii. Il IrLiIo$Lri, J. !]d lrhlin^i, 1,. lcdsl D.//i,s ,ril, ia f) 'fjr-l" " ' . . ( 1, * l' (rhnmi. ll a.J .lanii. rr. l200.ri raesor.l {le.t,rv. .1i. . - , , , r ' r r ", .r'i nd l. l"{ . . -ro',,i ''",., { 1 .,h.. "a' a 1g, ' , . . \ r r t ' i, ! . r i 'f U,iutrsthr$ (/,orrt( dr)!',rriddl8(1), 105 ll7. l)nn !k. Il (19 91 )lv lor av r r f . . i s iles ; n nalionilir iesa, rulrt o -.,,o - h. - , . 1, p- f l- . ' / c . I . 'L (;t.l.tnnl lll: 149 2i4. \ ". r ' t r Ll k . ' . . . i. . , . -n r tohrlniaif, a,&!r?li, Jro,r/A aCS 105: 50 62. 1...'... l . a- . ., l \r'f ,. \' tq! ,.r ?r r ' , .r,.. !.,!| ,, h- .n,. .r t,' i.i,. r J . . - ' 1. , , \ v .r .-i i ...).\,. f " b )," rc l t 9t)| , cc.lt.li.-shr,tik acs 97i 129 L.l.t 'u ..1..I1,,.- J t.pablic.. Ccasrnle thonik ('r(;J 108r I15 129. uo q) I l. n . . . r ", . . l' D,,.'ri, I ? ' . ' r ' r . n. " rihon drd n2nsfo.nuiof.l slu'np, a crc$ \ecronnl .'1 J, i.,, r. ' \ u! pu. - v r r f ' r r ! i r.. tr, 1 ,! ,nJ t t-,n l L\r.,r t:.r)1rt.. t, !.: , r,. I ,\p, t4,d ..,' i ar tl l t A !) U at\ .l .l 'n .. .t' ..,. ,u| rc,: r. ' ..r .r|. ddduf ,:.'Jcl 'c.\1 '.'.1 'I tu'rct nt RrLnl.nnri.khnlt 314: 183 lrl, .1, I d. i .nc.\. o..gtrlh'td 3412): 2t-34. ''\. tL,'tr, .t,rt fr.l -. n' ,' ,1 l . Jol I C P ' 't ,1.n,.r'l l /Jr'1,. "' .f o.n\r" '1 ! t 1 t ^ r'l l . a- 4. '. ,1....,r .n,r Ld,.r,,r, " ..4,,, .1,,c r,, ..., lt,it.^itth: | )1.lttt : -O..C/tthi n 3it | ). 21..3a. l l 20.ll !,. \ ': r '. " . : n , 1 " | '. l - " '. 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(19941,)ailnn*nig oeoromic b.\\t dil.rgdc: trv3iJs ic{ orgdiz,tnnll .lori i.aftr 1 . , . 'l Il. lr, l | ,l 11.,rl \l rJ. ". ', .t )t , r r-rf!,. 1-^r.r ''\ , r . t d a t " . , 1 t . l dr.r: Univcsn! .i,\Ntrrda'n, tp. 191-12,1 \.(..,-rtL,... t,,r,l.t ..Fr,r, rn,l |l. .1 .Il..t, atldr rd n,cirtil .levNlopneni, roxr.hinS lor in ,ft.,,! f. t r' t 14/ ' , th. " 'i (noy.Pbnt lllll7\ 21 11. l' t - ',,1i a? r.\l -.i .( i { ar, 'qh '.i l _.1p.'. .rr ''. rJl .'r'nc:.. 'l ff.r. r. ' " . ..1 ,"r.. l ,,rJ" ..1.,,J .( .. \1 ... ',.1..1.\\.. (,.\tl 1hI A 4, tr, hl t .l tt. l \., hr ( \'l " hL.l t\'.tf, t "nJ, r-,\t-tttl P t b'n -\J \.- ,:.1-\,*,r\,,' l .rri rrn \l :Iu f'. ..,l .l .),.^ ,l fr"cf i Jl l .' .ad l J' r.\''"ni ..,1.,r,A ,ri , J. r |'J,,r "",., '.,.'r'l ( th nindt-(;..,!/r thi n 3ii | ): 5 !,1t. tr,,..... trt.r." . 492 Mttrti lL, r. , . Hdmpl et al. J' lvI '.. | ,ra '.irr f.{-..nmrnl{ rLf .* D. b. Lt. . , .t. ,.tubli.c ' H, .n, \'. 'rl t" 4 t.tt | $ ,.k..Jtsr u p ,,l p . L ,li. I r o n rg Ln o . ^rLi countir\, M i!1r.:jts{a i.t"jtk. \ t,/,.,.,,r n v lo.r.\'!.fn't\l<r.h t , o 1 . to rq d ... lr. e (: ,,i' l J . e . J.l' .n rr/ v ic.( ,.,!,J.. pro.csn i{Lrrri.ich A ., J n l r'" r-,..r,.4 1 r:" + tt.r ,t., a .r ...1t .rt\ ^ u|) t,o1i . I n' v r ' . ) . DrbohliqD. (::00.1) Inrnriurrtnn r nJ rhc a1..h n.public r. - , Lf htrthrhntl irlis.tun Ruttu :7: 1r4 L1 D rlohl.!, l). an .l Bh lek . J , 11992) lr p! los ie . p r ' 1.. a d:.e "h y l' < l, N [ t J ' r "1. Ce.gtui'rs6o/,/l t:CS Cz,loq Zlt 'q,uhlily. fth. hhv. D. a.d alcnnit , Z, 11998)l: r lnur ion. t I. i (.1 ". Iuf ' f "r . i. . i l' \ ' ' . ' ,ir F r-rj .,? / ,rl. \ ,,,- -JJl al!r.t,r. lludrr{: ,\l,,lannri Kl!,16,pI. 8l-10i. DrlDhlan D. r Silom, 1..(1997)(iarewrl.irrc! ni rLc , l. . . . H. r , . , J r ' ' l , r '. 'l' r', ' !:utupc:thc .,sc ol lRgrc. ,MiL:tdrrk.Itd lhtu a,l R ., , , t,t,?.)t., r. |, 1al r , d I t _, 1 t h, t . , . VrtnN: ltnas O$rrcich. tp, 215-217. qd ir1l.c( qt \ ' t t t , t ' t . dt ^Bl 1. . . r' ..1 Ct!_,Collesel'art; iJ|ivrrsrq oiMaqlard. . \ i, i, r. . \1. lrQl,l'..,a lL, , r ' . r , , 1 "' "r . . r\, tr'b, |, r . dr . '{-,Jf( " rcn 'rl.r,or: C.artmdl32: 191 191J. Htrfrfl, IL (2ir00ll r!r14. so.h4 altl ()!,)ltnphidl/ t4. rn .,, t,1 ,v4 .)"t t . "t 5"J , . t . t r [ . , t 1 t + , ,zfatd (ra!r. PEE!4 faculil of \cer.e. (iharle\ Ilivliaek, ll 11003) Relisliiz.i $ruknrry r pmcesy v - ' r 'd r J t 'o - r " i _ ! . h . \ ; u , i _ j l , \ '. ( I . ', \l . 1 . . , L , r [ i 4 - " , t I t , . . 4 - , . , . 1 1; . , ', d . . \ '. l.c!lt] ,fSch... Ch.rlcs Univfrsnr,tp, 1i0 l6l. rr!ftingon. !. 1r996)Trr (-lAh bl cit\lttuti,ns a"d th. \V.tld O,ra. N.v )irr, limon aid k.n.tkins.f a rlod.natt a!41 t:qdea)d l '. , 1 . . l ( . na", (:/ltrml, E\t,adn:, dnd Paliti.dlChdnsetin 43 5o.naicJ,lrirreon, NI: Prlnc.ronLrnncrsnyPrcs. . , . r r 'J L ) , 1i , . \ . T '. r " ( o . l l . , , , d r , . \ h l \ '. l (i(tr^ 10,1:106-121. lidr C.cbl. (tr)g ftsSr,,,l i)r . I i o d \ '" 1 'l r . ' n 1., .1 ,. n "l '. 'r L r r " podpory trndiini.h $mtr v acskilh zd dr (1920 1r!0), Gcot7,/irsronit a,al.!96: 8t-9J. .,J,"atl,...1. t. tEo, I,,r,,,nr r.v... Br. hnt n,gmtu r hist{'irki land usc. rl^n n&, sr.rtu. {r,8r,fr l0.lbhr: tlGioricki nrlv AV ailttp..;,-t,r- p ).a p..t,d4t.t J. '. , 1 . , t .\ r . , i l . i " 4 ('il. Voiking filt^, lr/1999. Pr.suc: Scrolosic.l In{nurc of rhe o1 Scicrccso{ rhc Czcch ^cldcny .llr!l ,[.1 . . . , ', r i i e i & . l . , h , l . I L . l r , L . . , r '. ,.-t r n , . t . B 'p , n . n . t,t ' t '. r ', d t ! , ) J a ' l.nl I 'l . 'n o n . n . J . . r l r . F {}. D . r 'd ( r r \ . T , . V . 'l ! ) t t, I tt.tt. !..r t tu.,)r (.,. rr,r,/1 | I.c,d,ror.. "., Il Kord.i. J, (20051'lhe srea! iransformitn r of (:enn l Ua{ern Fl!rorc, Drcsil.rrial ril,lf.ss. 14rh W.rld Qfsrcss ol rhc lliA, Ausust L,-.lr.ly. l /0rr. \.",t!f ",1 1"d rrl|hL?to . *, a , t . - . , . w . l ' r t r t . '. u 2 . I r r ! , '. ( \ , . \ '1 .-. f hrrr.L ! , . l '. , '. , J l . \ . r . . a , '. F . .Fl. \1 ."'!,0 o r.,r. n, . , . ( , , ir r , - . 1. , c f . I LL\ ' ..,,.\r .. ./,,, r , , , . 11. 1. - . . i. i, ! r , 4: 'n ,1, srot,i{ C0)_ l0i: 2,11-15,r t t i; t \ , . - " H . -nl.\1 ,/,.r".,,..../j t . 1. w' t , aesk. q)fi|n.: ttt,slihhain tt")tat t itltl.b..t, & ^. ,.\, tr,h 'c:t L .) , , i' . i. . r . c . , l. l. . t ns n- y . Htrnrrn.M, 11996)(t?'s4f.li arsdni.a.cspoleifosti o r O r J \ l \ r 'r o '. r , < t , . , ^ ! . | . . 'o i e I r . r , . l t ,p.. h.r). r . . : r . r i ^ . J 1 . ', . l h f l r n "r ' ' rolia0, o.rt,K,ti &y,r^.10: 469 .11r7. k . u . J . . 2 '' r 1 r ', t 't h l 'I k . a t t t . t r l . r t a . h n L t t - . t L n , t . I H , . t , y . \ 4 \ . . . - r , , 't . m ! . \ 1 . . a j l r - . r i . . , J 'r J . ' 0 0 u ' P r - r l , r ) D h n . . 'r l r . k p l o .1 . . . r d . / " , ri f i . i . . k a B .d i r ^ . " . J ' , 1 '. : " i \ ''l , aNski.h Bodijovici.h. litrl.l.viL,S. (1005)Pris!6v.k l( lultuni A(ogr]ficlanu vizkunN: nmnDii hoJn.ceni kuhunLich aspekri, i '. " 4 i , hn, . , . " . {- r , r ''m 'c . . f ', ' '. k . I10, 300 -l14, I,l2fuda, M il001l Vynczrni F.ril.!nh ohhsti a *u.1iun iejieh zraki, poroci $ati$i.!c a.a1izr, r . .1 -..1 '.t I faclllr Di Scien..,Charles Umrcsny, q , ,F . \ r . . . 1" , t ,.r' tp t,,l \-L D Itt).r[o 1 r, i, p.r/, l " -, . 1 " .t),,r(.,rr., Hdnpl, I'r. lcd)(200r)R.s,on;hi ti,oi: sp..ifAr tesk r')\.1, - - n e. 4 , r ' \ Itrsuc: !,culty of scrcn.c, ClurlesUnj!ebity, (;e.s.l*sh.t,ik acs 10d17-25. (:, tfltry rcport v. . . J. lr9 ar) lih. ' n , ) { e"A { ' ' t in{ nnFdn ( ",. ?r.-\ 'a e r ' . r ' . , , r r . , " . y . . r , J pk d nir 1 . 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'l ) nr S.ience,Chdcs Univosit !p, 124-149,