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UPOZORNĚNÍ: Tento dokument má sloužit výhradně k osobní potřebě oprávněného uživatele
a k jeho studijním účelům, je majetkem IPVZ a podléhá autorskému zákonu č. 121/2000 Sb.
PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT TO WAR
TRAUMATIZED CHILDREN THE CITY OF
OSIJEK, CROATIA : TRAINING OF TRAINEERS
Santo, Tibor
Institute for Public Health Osijek
UPOZORNĚNÍ: Tento dokument má sloužit výhradně k osobní potřebě oprávněného uživatele
a k jeho studijním účelům, je majetkem IPVZ a podléhá autorskému zákonu č. 121/2000 Sb.
Background:
During the war in Croatia, especially in the years 1991 and 1992, Osijek (129000
inhabitants) was the biggest Croatian city under constant attacks and bombs shelling. More than
1000 citizens were killed and more than 5000 were wounded. Even today, in this post-war time,
Osijek is under constant pressure of possible new attacks. That is because the city is located just
few kilometres far from the boardline of still occupied Eastern Slavonia.
The consequences of the war affected all inhabitants. Stress effects of bombardment as well
as the post-war and posttraumatic stress reactions are still present. Additionally, at present, there
are more than 30000 displaced persons and refugees living in Osijek, waiting for their return home.
Unfortunately, children are the main victims of this war in former Yugoslavia. Those living
in Osijek (approximately 26000 in age under 14) have been, at least, witnessing death or injury or
living in shelters for more than ten months. Over 400 children lost one or both parents. At present,
there are more than 3000 children in age under 14, living in Osijek as displaced children or
refugees. Summarizing. all of these children, almost without exception, can be ranged into four
groups exposed to war effects as follows:
(1)
approximately 2000 children spent the entire time of the uninterrupted ten-months-shelling
in the city,
(2)
over 3000 children have been suffered the fatal consequences of the exile,
(3)
over 10000 children have been, at least ten months, separated from one or both parents
(school children mostly without both parents),
(4)
over 400 children lost one or both parents (killed or disappeared).
Professionals (working in public health, mental health, primary health care, schools etc.)
discovered a great number of school children with minor or major mental development obstructions
(such as enuresis, encopresis, nightmare, anxiety ,depressions etc.). At present, they are more
oriented toward diagnostics and therapy of those children showing clinical manifestations of posttraumatic-stress syndrome. However, there is a great need to do something for and with all those
children affected by war. It is necessary to develop specific programme oriented more towards
primary prevention, secondary prevention and early recognition of the psychological disturbance of
those at risk as well as towards health promotion of life-skills and coping with everyday life.
UPOZORNĚNÍ: Tento dokument má sloužit výhradně k osobní potřebě oprávněného uživatele
a k jeho studijním účelům, je majetkem IPVZ a podléhá autorskému zákonu č. 121/2000 Sb.
Goal:
To create condition for a stabile psychosocial development of children (Target 2 and 7,
WHO/EURO Targets HFA 2000).
Objectives:
(1)
To develop, provide and follow-up training programmes/ modules for school health care
teams in Osijek (school physicians and school nurses),
(2)
To develop, provide and follow-up training programmes/ modules for teachers and parents
in 22 elementary (primary) schools in Osijek,
(3)
To stimulate and facilitate "youth-for-youth" and "child-to-child" programmes based on
peer-support,
(4)
To improve the intersectoral collaboration within health sector, educational sector and
social-welfare,
(5)
To co-ordinate existing projects/ programmes given by different national and international
NGOs, based on mental health and support towards children affected by war,
Project team members:
Public health worker (initiator, co-ordinator, facilitator and stimulator of the Project), five
psychologists from primary schools in Osijek, representatives from health, education and socialwelfare sectors.
Personal role:
initiator, manager and co-ordinator of the Project
Project activities:
Project planning and development
* Project teambuilding
* Preparation of guidance and manual for training of trainers
* Planning for implementation and monitoring
UPOZORNĚNÍ: Tento dokument má sloužit výhradně k osobní potřebě oprávněného uživatele
a k jeho studijním účelům, je majetkem IPVZ a podléhá autorskému zákonu č. 121/2000 Sb.
Project implementation
* 2-days workshop for health professionals. Tasks: recognition of the early signs of
traumatized children, treatment of those with manifestation of posttraumatic disorders,
needs for collaboration with other sectors in solving problems mentioned above
* 2-days workshop(s) for teachers and parents, given by PHC professionals, social workers
and psychologists. Tasks: creative activities in work with children, development of life-skills
(self-esteem, self-confidence,and self-efficacy), improvement of communication skills
* implementation of creative activities in teachers' everyday work with children.
Evaluation and monitoring :
* process evaluation
* impact evaluation
Duration of the project:
start in September 1996, duration 2 years
Financing:
collecting money from different sources: City government, NGOs, UNICEF, Institute of Public
Health
Constraints:
* lack of motivation
* conservative approach in work with children (more traditional lecturing than creative activities)
* high number of children in one class
* financing
UPOZORNĚNÍ: Tento dokument má sloužit výhradně k osobní potřebě oprávněného uživatele
a k jeho studijním účelům, je majetkem IPVZ a podléhá autorskému zákonu č. 121/2000 Sb.
Opportunities:
* motivation
* awareness and need to solve present problem
* existing community programme Healthy City Osijek
* existing UNICEF programme for support the children "Major, friend of children"
Expected outcomes:
* working out the programme for psychosocial support
* build multidisciplinary network and better communication and collaboration between health,
education and social sector
Overall expectations:
improvement of quality of life of all children in Osijek
UPOZORNĚNÍ: Tento dokument má sloužit výhradně k osobní potřebě oprávněného uživatele
a k jeho studijním účelům, je majetkem IPVZ a podléhá autorskému zákonu č. 121/2000 Sb.
ABSTRACT FORM :
Surname, First Name: Santo, Tibor
Institution: Institute for Public Health Osijek
Address of your Institution: 31000 Osijek, F. Krezme 1, Croatia
Tel. + 385 (0)31 25 040
Fax + 385 (0)31 124 595
SUMMARY :
PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT TO THE WAR TRAUMATIZED
CHILDREN IN THE CITY OF OSIJEK- TRAINING OF TRAINEERS
In the city of Osijek, there are aproximatelly 3400 war traumatized children (3000
displaced and refugees , 400 lost one or both parent) in the age under 14. Displaced and
refugee children still are exposed to a constant fear of what the future might bring. The trauma
of exile is one seveare form of psychological stress, when everything that had anny value in
ones life is destroyed.Until this moment, the regular work of the school and health institution
was oriented towards diagnostic, and therapy those children who clearly showed the clinical
manifestations of posttraumatic stress syndrome. The goal of the Project is to create condition
for a stabile psychosocial development of children, especially those affected by war in Osijek.
The objectives of the Project are to develop and provide different educational programmes for
kindergarten and primary school teachers, pedagogues, authorized physicians, parents and
affected children. Target groups for the educational programmes mentioned above are:
school physicians, primary school teachers and pedagogues (representatives from each of 22
schools), parents and children aiming the prevention, early detection, and treating disturbance
as early is posiblle. Major educating techique will be a workshop. Though a two day
workshop educated professionals and parents will achieve knowledge and skills in early
recognition of signes as well as in psychological techniques which should be applied in work
with children. Project will start in September 1996 and planned duration is two years.
UPOZORNĚNÍ: Tento dokument má sloužit výhradně k osobní potřebě oprávněného uživatele
a k jeho studijním účelům, je majetkem IPVZ a podléhá autorskému zákonu č. 121/2000 Sb.
UPOZORNĚNÍ: Tento dokument má sloužit výhradně k osobní potřebě oprávněného uživatele
a k jeho studijním účelům, je majetkem IPVZ a podléhá autorskému zákonu č. 121/2000 Sb.
UPOZORNĚNÍ: Tento dokument má sloužit výhradně k osobní potřebě oprávněného uživatele
a k jeho studijním účelům, je majetkem IPVZ a podléhá autorskému zákonu č. 121/2000 Sb.
UPOZORNĚNÍ: Tento dokument má sloužit výhradně k osobní potřebě oprávněného uživatele
a k jeho studijním účelům, je majetkem IPVZ a podléhá autorskému zákonu č. 121/2000 Sb.