docMultiple Approach to Leaf Points: Morpho
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Multiple Approach to Leaf Points: Morpho
Multiple Approach to Leaf Points: Morpho-technological and Use-wear Analyses. 1 1 Zdeòka Nerudová - Petr Neruda - Petr Sadovský 2 1 - Moravian Museum, Anthropos Institute, Zelný trh 6, Brno, 657 37 Czech Republic; [email protected], [email protected] 2 - Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 8, 616 00; [email protected] The project no. DE07P04OMG011 is supported by Czech Minisry of Culture The grant project is focused on the analysis of very special tool - a leaf point that occured in several cultures. Obtained results show rather different shape variability of bifacial points in spatio-temporal context. The topic goal is comparison of Szeletian items with pieces of another cultures. Complete, non-fragmented pieces from Jezeøany I, II and IV, Vedrovice V, Moravský Krumlov IV, Oøechov I and II and elešice I were used for the primary comparisons. Till today we have compared 225 artefacts in total. 2. A morpho-technological analysis 1. Collecting of metrically oriented data 1.pøíèný prùøez (cross-section): 1. In the frame of grant project we have created new specialised software in the collaboration with Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication of Brno University of Technology. This software uses the standard digital camera pictures and converts the artefact photo to the continuous contour that is possible to analyse by mathematical and statistical method. Dimension (length, width, thickness, perimeter and area), centre of gravity and the angle of point are measured and stored to the database table. 50 40 30 20 10 0 Aa Ab C B Aa:bi-konvexní bi-convex large D E Ab: bi-konvexní plochý bi-convex flat B:plano-konvexní plano-convex D:plano-konvexní se zády back plano-convex C:bi-konvexní se zády back bi-convex E:bi-konvexní se dvìmi zády double back bi-convex 2.podélný prùøez (longitudial cross-section): a: rovný (flat) 1/2 b: konkávní (concave) 1/3 c: èásteènì konkávní (semi-concave) d:symetrický (symetrical) e:esovitì prohnutý (goose-necked) -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 -5 0 3.tvar (shape): 2. Obtained data complete features that are not possible to measure by digital Data from both analyses (1 a 2) can be examine by mathematical and statistical methods. Ab A picture analysis such as size class (circles with difference of 2 cm), implement type (leaf point, leaf point type Moravany-Dlhá, point à face plane, Miškovice point, bifacial tool, Micoquian backed knife, unifacial tool, bifacial backed knife, leaf side scraper), technological phase of the production phase (semi-product, final product, repaired product), artefact cross section examined at ¼, ½, ¾ of length, longitudinal section of the item in relation to its axis, type of retouch, location of retouch (a1 - unifacial on the edge, a2 - unifacial on one surface, b1 bifacial on two edges, b2 - bifacial on two surfaces, c - combination of one edge and one surface) and point shape (according by Chabai - Demidenko 1998, Fig. 3.1). All attributes are chosen to be helpful for the definition of the artefact shape. D E laterální Lateral Ca B F témìø listovitý Sub-Leaf H J oválný Ovoid triangulární Triangular Cb témìø triangulární Sub-Triangular èásteènì listovitý Semi-Leaf vrbového listu Willow-Leaf G F bezhrotý without edges cf.Déjete K nepravidelný Irregular S N polokruhový Crescent cf.Moravany-Dlhá s øapem tanged point esovitý S-curved 2 a 4 cm 4 a 6 cm 40 6 a 8 cm 8 a 10 cm 35 10 a 12 cm 30 Histogram: shape of leaf point and site 26 24 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 20 15 F Cb S Ca E G J A N B D H K Ab Prom2: Oøechov I 26 24 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 F Cb S Ca E G J A N B D H K Ab F Cb S Ca E G J A N B D H K Ab Prom2: Oøechov II Prom2: elešice I F Cb S Ca E G J A N B D H K Ab Prom2: Jezeøany I 10 5 0 F Cb S Ca E G J A N B D H K Ab Prom2: Jezeøany I+IV 26 24 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 12 a 14 cm 25 F Cb S Ca E G J A N B D H K Ab F Cb S Ca E G J A N B D H K Ab Prom2: Jezeøany II Prom2: Jezeøany III Jezeøany 1 F Cb S Ca E G J A N B D H K Ab Jezeøany 2 Jezeøany Vedrovice 4 5 MK 4 Oøechov 1 Oøechov 2 elešice 1 Prom2: Jezeøany IV Analysed sites F Cb S Ca E G J A N B D H K Ab Prom2: Moravský Krumlov IV F Cb S Ca E G J A N B D H K Ab Prom2: Vedrovice V Shape 3. Use-wear analysis 3. Morpho-technological analysis is rather static system and therefore new ways are necessary to reconstruct the leaf points life. According ethnological studies we understand bifacial tools (and leaf points especially) as universal artefacts that could be cores as same as tools and therefore were suitable for long distance movement of Pleistocene population. In this reason, determination of raw material used for production is one of the most important tasks. We used microscopic method with water immersion. Second possibility to reconstruct "live" of the leaf point is use-wear analysis with special focus to the reutilisation (special thanks to Andrea Dušková - Šajnerová). Stránská skála raw material source Krumlov raw material source 1,1 small site,small leaf points 1,2 small site, small and big leaf points 2,1 medium site, small leaf points 2,2 medium site, small and big leaf points 2,3 medium site, big leaf points 3,2 big site, small and big leaf points Preliminary results • Szeletian leaf points from Moravia are polyfunctional tools. Using as weapons has not been determined. • The shape of Szeletian leaf points is not standardised. The most common shapes are Sub-Leaf, Semi-Leaf and Willow-Leaf points • The biggest tools occure the region of Krumlov Forest with raw material sources, but low quality. • The shape and metric variability were affected by level of reduction (size of support, number of reutilization cycles etc.)
