Grid expansion

Transkript

Grid expansion

The Future of the Transmission Grid
in Central Europe
1. Grid development in Central Europe
2. Market Development in Central Europe
3. Problems and Solutions
Gert Schwarzbach, 50Hertz Transmission GmbH
Energy Conference, 15 October 2013, Prague
1. Europe-wide and national TYNDP
EU-TYNDP
-
reflect EC Energy Policy
support decision making
support PCI selection
biennial (2012, 2014)
non-binding
National TYNDPs
Regulatory Authorities
check on compatibility
- reflect national Energy Policy
- annual (2012, 2013, 2014)
- binding
- Actual and prognosed supply
needs
- Efficient measures for
guaranteeing adequacy of the
net and security of supply
- Identification of transmission
system infrastructure to be built
- Based on reasonable
assumptions for development
of generation, consumption
and power exchange
- Prognosis of power generation
in 5-15 years ( 2025)
- Modelling of integrated network
- Development of scenarios
- Evaluation of validity
- Based on needs of grid users
- Identification of investment
gaps
- Analysis of constraints for
cross-border capacities
6 Regional investment plans
2013-10-15 | Gert Schwarzbach. 50Hertz, Energy Conference Prague
2
1. Projects of Common Interest (Extract)
50Hertz area
Czech Republic
 Interconnection between Eisenhűttenstadt (DE)
and Plewiska (PL)
 Internal line between Vernerov and Vitkov (CZ)
 Interconnection between Vierraden (DE) and
Krajnik (PL)
 Internal line between Prestice and Kocin (CZ)
 Includes coordinated installation and operation
of phase shifting transformers on the
interconnection lines between Krajnik (PL) –
Vierraden (DE) and Mikulowa (PL) –
Hagenwerder (DE)
 Internal line between Vitkov and Prestice (CZ)
 Internal line between Kocin and Mirovka (CZ)
 Internal line between Mirovka and Cebin (CZ)
 Internal DC line (DE) between Lauchstädt and
Meitingen
 Internal AC line (DE) between Halle/Saale and
Schweinfurt
 Interconnection between Ishőj/Bjæverskov (DK)
and Bentwisch/Gűstrow (DE) via offshore wind
farms Kriegers Flak (DK) and Baltic 1/2 (DE)
3
1. German Grid Development Plan 2013
(Lead scenario B 2023)
Optimisation of existing lines
– Construction of new AC lines on
existing routes:
3,400 km
– AC reinforcements
and AC retrofitting
– on existing routes:
1,000 km
– Conversion to DC circuit: 300 km
+2 GW
New measures in the NDP 2013
Grid expansion on new routes
– Construction of new routes: 1,700
km
– 4 DC corridors
- transmission capacity:
12 GW
- Route length:
2,100 km
Estimated investment: € 21 billion
4
1. 50Hertz grid expansion projects
10
11 Northern line Krümmel – Görries
2
9
8
Uckermark line Neuenhagen – Bertikow
3 380 kV overhead line "Nordring Berlin"
4 South-West Interconnector (partially under construction)
5 Placement of new conductors on the Remptendorf line
1
2
3
6
6
3rd interconnector to Poland
7
Bärwalde-Schmölln line
8
Offshore connections in the Baltic Sea
9 Construction of Baltic 2 offshore connection
10 Kriegers Flak Combined Grid Solution
7
4
5
‒ Accelerated grid expansion in 2012 thanks to
political backing
‒ Plan approval decision for second section of
South-West Interconnector
‒ Agreement on Kriegers Flak Combined Grid
Solution signed
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1. Speeding up grid expansion fixed in German law
Enacting of 2 laws to facilitate the approval processes for grid expansion projects:
EnLAG (2009)
NABEG (2012)
 24 grid expansion projects
with high priority are
regulated by law
 4 pilot areas for underground
cabeling
 Speeding up the expansion of
cross-border high-voltage
transmission lines and
connection lines for offshore
substations
 Nation-wide cost sharing
mechanism
 Regulates development of
projects of outstanding public
interest
 Based on EU guidelines for
Trans-European Networks
 Based on selected corridors
 Not valid for EnLAG-projects
 National requirements plan
attached
§§43ff. EnWG
§§72ff. VwVfG
6
2. Market developments in Europe
 Implementation of the implicit
market coupling of NorthWest-Europe (NWE)
in 2013
2010
 Establishment of the
methodical and operative
basics for the single
European Price Coupling
(EPC)
 Development of joint solutions
for Central-East-Europe
(CEE)
2014
 Marketing of the 50Hertz
interconnectors
in NWE by
and in CEE by
50Hertz is in the centre of the merging of the European electricity market.
Long-term goal is the establishment of a single European power market.
7
2. Facilitation of cross-border power trading
Regional initiatives with German participation
NE
CEE
CWE
NE = Northern Europe: Germany, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Poland and
Finland
CEE = Central Eastern Europe: Germany, Austria, Czech Republic,
Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia
CWE = Central Western Europe: Germany, France, Belgium, Netherlands
and Luxemburg
Tasks of regional initiatives
 Co-ordinated congestion management in
market areas. Start with NWE (CWE+NE), later
connection of other regions (SWE, CEE, …).
 Establishment of service providers like auction
offices for congestion management (CAO,
CASC, EMCC) and TSOs security initiatives
(TSC, Coreso) in the respective regions.
 Development and implementation of flow-based
capacity calculation mechanisms. For CWE
ongoing tests, start after NWE market coupling
go-live. For CEE under development.
 Development and implementation of a European
solution for implicit capacity allocation. Price
Coupling of Regions (PCR) is the chosen
capacity allocation mechanism. PCR is to be
provided by co-ordinated action of PXs.
Algorithm is in test phase.
Facilitation of cross-border power trading in the meshed grid of Central Europe leads to
complex procedures and increased transit flows in 50Hertz control area.
8
2. Update from CEE-Region
Goals:

Implementation of Flow-Based Market Coupling in the CEE region compatible with the CWE
Flow-Based approach and NWE Price Coupling and being of benefit for each country involved.

Elaboration of adjusted FB technical solution for CEE region based on today’s bidding zones
considering the influence arising from unplanned flows
Present activities:

CEE TSOs decided to develop a modified flow-based method addressing current challenges in
the region. Two different options for adjusted FB method are under investigation: Security
oriented option (SOO) and Financial Compensation oriented option (FCOO).

NRAs have prepared a draft MoU between NRAs, PXs, TSOs of the region based on their Joint
Declaration and discussed the draft with TSOs and PXs. MoU is about to be signed.

CEE TSOs have liaised with PCR in order to perform an assessment of the PXs algorithm.
Confidentiality issues have not been solved yet and seem to be overestimated by PXs.

CEE TSOs have updated the High Level roadmap for implementation of FB MC. The overall
timeframe for the implementation of the FB MC in CEE region will be at a level of around 27
month starting with the signature of the MoU.

In parallel, and without influence on the implementation of FB MC in CEE, an explicit trilateral
market coupling between CZ, SK and HU is to be enlarged by RO. PL rejected to join.

Auction Rules for 2014 will be published soon. Activities have been started in order to
harmonize auction rules in whole Europe.
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3. The grid load increases dramatically
due to the changes in the power generation sector
2012
2009
____ Load ≤ 50% ____
50% < Load < 70%
____ Load ≥ 70%
2010 2011 2012 1. half 2013
Days with interventions in the grid to ensure system security
160
213
262
103
10
3. Unplanned power flows resulting from
changes of generation (renewable, nuclear)
Proposals by 50Hertz from May 2012 to deal with unplanned flows
Redispatch
("virtual PST")
 reduces SoS-relevant
flows
 ensuring efficiency
and cost
effectiveness =
challenge
short-term
Phase shifters
(physical PST)
Grid expansion
 reduces SoS-relevant
flows
 ensures SoS in entire
system
 investment required
 enables integrated
European market
middle-term
long-term
11
3. Virtual PST – Principle and 1st
Activation
Trigger Power Flow Limit
vPST Measure
Power Flow




 First activation on DE-PL border on January 27th 2013
 3,420 GWh / up to 400 MW redispatch from PL generators
Close operational cooperation 50Hertz-PSE
 During a pilot phase 01-04/2013 vPST was activated 13
times including generators from PL, DE, CZ and AT.
Charge by unplanned power
flows
Discharge by virtual PST
measures
 Change of power plant output
3. Conclusions from the vPST pilot phase
[Based on agreed Executive Summary and out of common presentations of 50Hertz and PSE to CEE Electricity Forum
on 18th June 2013 and ACER Electricity Stakeholders Advisory Group on 4th July 2013]
 vPST Pilot Phase was an enriching experience and a helpful tool to deal with
unplanned flows.
 At the same time the pilot identified important limitations of an approach based only on curative
redispatching measures.
 Limitation of available redispatch capacity occurred on 25th March, resulting in long-lasting N-1
violations in 50Hertz and PSE control areas.
 In the view of 50Hertz the experience of the Pilot Phase confirms the
requirement of installing Phase Shifting Transformers at the German-Polish
border. PSE shares this opinion.
 Operational Phase of vPST to be implemented before pPST devices are installed.
 Redispatch measures could complement pPSTs when their technical abilities are exhausted.

Room for improvement in the operational procedures for planning and activation of vPST measures
was identified.
 Need of integration of the vPST procedures into a wider co-operation, i.e. into European TSO
Security Cooperation (TSC) processes (DACF and IDCF).
13
3. PST Agreements with PSE, Status with ČEPS
PST Agreements with PSE:
 18th December 2012: Signature by PSE and 50Hertz of
 Agreement on virtual Phase Shift Transformer (vPST)
 LoI on (physical) Phase Shift Transformers (PST)
VIE-KRA
ca. 600 MW (220kV)
 vPST pilot phase from 08.01.-30.04.2013: 13 activations took place
(total cost of approx. 3 m€). A report is close to finalization and will
be published.
 Negotiations on a PST Agreement in order to replace LoI on PST
and to start with vPST operational phase is close to finalization..
 Co-operation with PSE receives positive feedback (mentioned as
‘Blueprint’ at the Florence Forum). Agreement was reached to
apply for PCI-status of PSTs on DE-PL border.
Status with ČEPS:
Despite several attempts no agreement could be reached so far.
50Hertz is open for similar agreements as with PSE. Several CZ-DE
Ministerial Meetings and TSO HLM took place. So far, little
convergence. By letter sent 6 September 50Hertz proposed to ČEPS
to integrate solutions for PST installation in order to reach a joint
implementation and operation of PSTs.
HGW-MIK
ca. 1,500 MW (380kV)
ROE-HRA
ca. 1,700 MW (380kV)
14
Summary
 The future transmision grid in Central Europe is under development
(TYNDP, PCI). It will provide a sound basis for further market
development characterised by Flow-Based Market Coupling.
 Grid development in Germany has been accelerated in order to follow
changes in power generation (renewables, nuclear). Unplanned flows
cannot be avoided in grids with fluctuating parameters. Power
generation has a strong influence on such flows having burdening or
relieving character for transmission lines.
 50Hertz clearly aimes to actively limit power flows endangering
secure system operation by co-ordinated transparent action.
Initiatives of 50Hertz have reached different status with PSE and
ČEPS. The concept of a „virtual phase shifting transformer“ can
bridge the time until installation of physical PST. Installation and
operation of PST should be co-ordinated as well as the further
development of the European transmission grid.
15
Many thanks for your attention.
Gert Schwarzbach
Head of Interconnectors
50Hertz Transmission GmbH
Eichenstraße 3A
12435 Berlin, Germany
Phone: +49 (0) 30 5150 2703
eMail: [email protected]
www.50hertz.com
16
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18
The main challenges of the new energy era for the
electric system
Production of renewable energy
• Gradual integration of
renewable energy
Grid expansion
• Preparation of the national
grid development plan
• Offshore wind expansion
• Rapid grid expansion
• Liquidity buffer in the EEG
• Accelerating, simplifying
apportionment
• Energy efficiency
measures
• Question of the socially
acceptable increase in
costs
and harmonising approval
procedures
• Increasing acceptance
through information,
dialogue and
compensation
System security
• Short-term stabilisation
of the system, e.g. in the
Hamburg area
• Participation of all
stakeholders to maintain
the system security
• Improving real-time data
exchange and operation
of EEG plants
• Storage development
19
Ten-Year Network Development Plan 2012
 The 1st TYNDP 2012 was published on 5 July 2012.
 The 2nd TYNDP 2014 is expected to be released for stakeholders’ consultation
in March 2014. The final version should be published end of June/
beginning of July 2014.
 Key findings of TYNDP 2012:
Permitting: 1 of 3 planned projects is delayed in implementation
due to long permitting processes. Proposals to deal with the delays:
 fast-tracking of transmission infrastructure projects,
 “one-stop-shop”,
 defined time lines for permit granting procedures
RES: The TYNDP 2012 identifies the need to invest €104 bn in the refurbishment or construction of
roughly 52 300 km of extra high voltage power lines clustered into 100 investment projects across
Europe. 80% of the identified 100 bottlenecks are related to the direct or indirect integration of renewable
energy sources (RES) such as wind and solar power.
Market Integration: The commissioning of projects of pan-European significance could result in CO2
savings of 170 MtCO2, of which 150 MtCO2 result from the connection of renewable generation
technology and 20 MtCO2 which stem from savings due to further market integration.
Grid Extension: Extending the grid by only 1.3% a year enables adding 3% generation capacity and the
reliable integration of 125 GW of renewable energy sources. For less than 2€ per MWh of end-users’
electricity bills over the decade, the in the TYNDP 2012 proposed investments allow achieving the EU
energy and climate goals in the most efficient and secure way.
20
TYNDP – Next steps
Release of the TYNDP 2014
The next target for the TYNDP WG and the regional groups is the release of the next Ten-Year
Network Development Plan in June 2014. The 2014 release will include six Regional Investment
Plans and a System Outlook and Adequacy Forecast (SOAF) alongside the Europe-wide
development plan, which formed the core of the first TYNDP. As the level of detail and sophistication
of the TYNDP increases, ENTSO-E hopes and expects that it will increasingly be seen as the key tool
for aiding decision making regarding electricity transmission investments.
Improvements in the TYNDP 2014 are:
 Tackling a longer time horizon by incorporating 2030 visions
 New procedure on inclusion of the third party projects in the 2014 version of the TYNDP
 Intermediate update of the TYNDP 2012 table of projects
 Creation of the Long-Term Development Stakeholder Group
 Cost and Benefit Analysis (CBA) methodology
21
The path of lowest resistance
Power flow types
 Loop and transit flows
result from power
exchange between
generators and
consumers
internal flow
loop flow
 Unplanned power flows
are the difference
between traded and
physical power flows
import/export
transit flow
 Unplanned power flows
can charge or discharge
lines within the entire
grid
Vgl. Homann (BNetzA), 2. HLRC 31.10.2012, EC Brüssel
22
Power flows between Germany and Poland
MW
2500
PhysicalDE-PL
flow DE-PL
Physik
Day-Ahead schedule
DE-PL
Day-Ahead
Fahrplan
DE-PL
2000
DEPL
1500
1000
500
0
PLDE
-500
-1000
IV
2011
I
II
III
IV
2012
23

Grid expansion

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