Miscellanea Zoologica Hungarica 2. 1984 (Budapest, 1984)

Miscellanea Zoologica Hungarica 2. 1984 (Budapest, 1984)

MISCELLANEA
Tomas 2.
ZOOLOGICA
HUNGARICA
p. 7—11
1984
Results of complex parasitological investigations
on small mammals in the Cergov Mountains
(Western Carpathians, Czechoslovakia)*
By
F. MÉSZÁROS & A. STOLLMANN
(Received November 28, 1983)
The paper is dedicated to the memory of Tibor W E I S Z
(1914—1983).
A B S T R A C T . In the course of p a r a s i t o l o g i c a l investigations of the s m a l l m a m m a l s
of the Cergov M t s , 104 ecto - and endoparasites were found i n 11 species of hosts:
Horex araneus, S. m inn tus, S. alpinus, Neomys fodiens, N . anomalus, M u s c a r d i nus a v e l l a n a r i u s , Apodemus a g r á r i u s , A . f l a v i c o l l i s , C l e t h r i o m o m y s g l a r e o l u s ,
P i t y m y s s u b t e r r a n e u s , M i c r o t u s a r v a l i s . The p a r a s i t e s were d i s t r i b u t e d among
the following higher taxa: T r e m a t o d a 4 species, Cestoda 26 s p p „
Nematoda 20
spp,, Acanthocephala 1 sp., A n o p l u r a 4 spp., Siphonaptera 19 spp., M e s o s t i g m a ta 22 spp., Ixodida 1 sp., T r o m b i d i d a 7 spp.
R e s e a r c h w o r k e r s f r o m the Institute of E x p e r i m e n t a l Biology and Ecology of the Slovak
Academy of Sciences, R e s e a r c h Station Stare H o r y , and the D e p a r t m e n t of Zoology of the
Hungarian N a t u r a l H i s t o r y Museum - M i c h a l A M B R O S , A l e x a n d e r D U D I C H , Jan K O V A C I K ,
F e r e n c M É S Z Á R O S , É v a M U R A I , A n d r e j S T O L L M A N N - c a r r i e d out ecto- and endoparasit o l o g i c a l studies on 382 s m a l l m a m m a l specimens belonging to 11 species, collected between
August 1980 and A p r i l 1982 in the Cergov M t s . Besides t h i s m a t e r i a l , some l e s s e r c o l l e c ­
tions have also been analysed, such as fleas f r o m 37 s m a l l m a m m a l s collected i n 4 l o c a l i t i e s
( C i r c , C i r c - M i n í o l , R u s k á Vol'a, Lenartov) between 1974 and 197 5, and the h e l m i n t h s f r o m
4 s m a l l m a m m a l f r o m the v i c i n i t y of K r i z e .
The Cergov M t s a r e p a r t of the E a s t e r n Beskids in the Outern W e s t e r n Carpathians
( F i g . 1). The ridges of the mountains are 900-1050 m a . s . l . , the highest point i s M i n é o l ,
1157 m . A v e r a g e t e m p e r a t u r e in January i s - 5 ° C to - 7 . 2 ° C , in July 1 3 - 1 6 ° C . The average
annual p r e c i p i t a t i o n i s 650-800 m m . The basal r o c k s of the mountains are f l y s c h , m a r l and
sandstone. A s to phytogeography, the range belongs to the d i s t r i c t " B e s k i d i u m O r i e n t a l e " ,
a c c o r d i n g to D O S T A L ( I 9 6 0 ) . P r e v a l e n t plant c o m m u n i t i e s a r e Fagetum pauper, A b i e t o - F a getum, A b i e t u m and A c e r e t o - F a g e t u m . The forested pastures at higher a l t i t u d e s a r e a r e ­
sult of human a c t i v i t y (SOFRON, 1975). E i g h t y percent of the mountains is wooded.
The l o c a l i t i e s (at 550 to 1000 m a . s . l . ) a r e as follows:
1) H e r t n i k , 2 6-28 A u g . , 1980. V a l l e y of Hertnicky" potok s t r e a m , beech f o r e s t ;
2) L e n a r t o v , 10-12 N o v . , 1981 and 20-23 A p r i l , 1982. V a l l e y of Vecny potok s t r e a m ,
beech and f i r e - b e e c h f o r e s t ;
3) L i v o v , 20-23 A p r i l , 1982. V a l l e y of V l c i potok s t r e a m , beech and f i r e - b e e c h f o r e s t ,
1
* Report N o . 12 f r o m the p r o j e c t "Complex p a r a s i t o l o g i c a l studies on s m a l l m a m m a l popula­
t i o n s " , a c o - o p e r a t i o n between the D e p a r t m e n t of Zoology, Hungarian N a t u r a l H i s t o r y M u ­
seum, Budapest, and the I n s t i t u t e of E x p e r i m e n t a l Biology and E c o l o g y , Slovak A c a d e m y of
Sciences, R e s e a r c h Station Stare H o r y .
We studied h e l m i n t h s f r o m 308 s m a l l m a m m a l hosts, collected A n o p l u r a , M e s o s t i g m a t a ( A c a r i n a ) , I x o d i d a and T r o m b i d i d a f r o m a t o t a l of 382 s m a l l m a m m a l s , and obtained
Siphonaptera f r o m 419 hosts. We found a t o t a l of 104 p a r a s i t e species (4 T r e m a t o d a , 26 Cest o d a , 20 Nematoda, 1 Acanthocephala, 4 A n o p l u r a , 19 Siphonaptera, 22 M e s o s t i g m a t a , 1
Ixodida and 7 T r o m b i d i d a ) .
F i g . 1: Map of the í e r g o v M t s w i t h t r a p p i n g sites indicated
(1 = H e r t n i k , 2= L e n a r t o v Vecny potok, 3= L i v o v V l c i potok, 4= é i r c " , 5= C i r e * - M i n z ö l ,
6= L e n a r t o v , 7= R u s k á V o l ' á , 8= K r i z e )
1
A l i s t of the p a r a s i t e s f o r each of the host species is given in the f o l l o w i n g section. I t
m u s t be noted that apart from the w o r k of E L T O N et a l . (1931), there are r a t h e r few p r o ­
j e c t s in which the r e s u l t s of both e c t o - and endoparasitic investigations a r e c a r r i e d out para l l e l y . T h e r e f o r e i t would be i n a p p r o p r i a t e to d i r e c t l y compare our r e s u l t s w i t h those of
other w o r k e r s .
LIST OF HOSTS A N D P A R A S I T E S
Sorex araneus L i n n a e u s , 1758
T r e m a t o d a : Rubenstrema e x a s p e r a t u m , B r a c h y l a e m u s fulvus, Skrjabinophyetus s o r i c i s ;
Cestoda: Choanotaenia c r a s s i s c o l e x , Hymenolepis f u r c a t a , H . spinulosa, H . s c h a l d y b i n i ,
H . s c u t i g e r a , H . s t e f a n s k i i , H . i n f i r m a , H . t r i p a r t i t a , Mesocestoides sp. l a r v a ;
Nematoda: P a r a s t r o n g y l o i d e s w i n c h e s i , P o r r o c a e c u m sp. l a r v a , L o n g i s t r i a t a d e p r e s s a , L .
pseudodidas, S t a m m e r i n e m a s o r i c i s , C a p i l l a r i a i n c r a s s a t a , C. oesophagicola, Sobol i p h y m e s o r i c i s , A n g i o s t r o n g y l i d a e sp. ;
Acanthocephala: C e n t r o r h y n c h u s buteonis j u v e n i l e ;
Anoplura: Hoplopleura affinis;
Siphonaptera: H y s t r i c h o p s y l l a o r i e n t á l i s o r i e n t á l i s , Ctenophthalmus a g y r t e s k l e i n s c h m i d t i a nus, C. uncinatus uncinatus, D o r a t o p s y l l a dasycnema cuspis, Palaeopsylla s o r i c i s
s t a r k i , P. s t e i n i , Rhadinopsylla i n t e g e l l a , P e r o m y scopsylla bidentata bidentata, A m a ­
l a raeuB p e n i c i l l i g e r k r a t o c h v i l i ;
M e s o s t i g m a t a : P e r g a m a s u s b r e v i c o r n i s , Eugamasus lunulatus, C y r t o l a e l a p s m u c r o n a t u s ,
M a c r o c h e l e s montanus, Laelaps c l e t h r i o n o m y d i s , Myonyssus i n g r i c u s , Eulaelaps stab u l a r i s , Haemogamasus h i r s u t u s , H i r s t i o n y s s u s i s a b e l l i n u s , H . s o r i c i s ;
Ixodida: Ixodes t r i a n g u l i c e p s ;
T r o m b i d i d a : N e o t r o m b i c u l a inopinata, H i r s u t i e l l a m u l t i s e t o s a .
Sorex alpinus Schinz,1837
Cestoda: Hymenolepis s c h a l d y b i n i , H . i n f i r m a , Mesocestoides sp. l a r v a ;
Nematoda: L o n g i s t r i a t a depressa, L . pseudodidas;
Acanthocephala: C e n t r o r h y n c h u s buteonis j u v e n i l e ;
Siphonaptera: D o r a t o p s y l l a dasycnema cuspis, Palaeopsylla s o r i c i s s t a r k i , M e g a b o t h r i s t u r bidus, Ceratophyllus sp.;
M e s o s t i g m a t a : Laelaps c l e t h r i o n o m y d i s , Haemogamasus n i d i ;
Ixodida: Ixodes t r i a n g u l i c e p s .
Sorex m i n u t u s L i n n a e u s , 1766
Nematoda: L o n g i s t r i a t a pseudodidas, C a p i l l a r i a k u t o r i ;
M e s o s t i g m a t a : Laelaps c l e t h r i o n o m y d i s , Laelaps h i l a r i s , H i r s t i o n y s s u s i s a b e l l i n u s , H . so­
ricis;
Ixodida: Ixodes t r i a n g u l i c e p s .
Neomys fodiens (Pennant, 1771)
Trematoda: M a r i t r e m a carpathica;
Cestoda: Choanotaenia c r a s s i s c o l e x , Hymenolepis t i a r a , H . i n t é g r a , H . omissa, H . b i f u r c a ,
H . hamanni, H . montana;
Siphonaptera: Ctenophthalmus agyrtes k l e i n s c h m i d t i a n u s , Palaeopsylla s o r i c i s s t a r k i , P.
steini.
Neomys anomalus C a b r e r a ,
1907
Siphonaptera: Palaeopsylla s o r i c i s s t a r k i , P . s i m i l i s s i m i l i s ;
Mesostigmata: Haemogamasus n i d i .
Apodemus a g r á r i u s ( P a l l a s , 1771)
Siphonaptera: Ctenophthalmus a g y r t e s k l e i n s c h m i d t i a n u s , C. uncinatus uncinatus, Megaboth­
r i s turbidus;
M e s o s t i g m a t a : P e r g a m a s u s c r a s s i c e p s , Eugamasus k r a e p e l i n i , Laelaps j e t t m a r i , Eulaelaps
s t a b u l a r i s , Haemogamasus n i d i ;
T r o m b i d i d a : N e o t r o m b i c u l a inopinata, H i r s u t i e l l a m u l t i s e t o s a .
Apodemus f l a v i c o l i i s ( M e l c h i o r , 1834)
Cestoda: Hymenolepis d i m i n u t a , Hydatigera t a e n i a e f o r m i s l a r v a ;
Nematoda: H e l i g m o s o m o i d e s p o l y g y r u s p o l y g y r u s , Syphacia f r e d e r i c i , C a p i l l a r i a annulosa;
Anoplura: H o p l o p l e u r a edentata. P o l y p l a x s e r r a t a ;
Siphonaptera: Ctenophthalmus solutus solutus, C. a g y r t e s k l e i n s c h m i d t i a n u s , C. uncinatus
uncinatus, A m a l a r a e u s p e n i c i l l i g e r k r a t o c h v i l i , M e g a b o t h r i s t u r b i d u s , Nosopsyllus
fasciatus;
Mesostigmata: P e r g a m a s u s c r a s s i c e p s , Eugamasus l u n u l a t u s , M a c r o c h e i e s montanus, L a e ­
laps a g i l i s , L . c l e t h r i o n o m y d i s , Haemogamasus h o r r i d u s ;
Ixodida: Ixodes t r i a n g u l i c e p s .
C l e t h r i o n o m y s glareolus (Schreber,
1780)
Cestoda: Hymenolepis h o r r i d a , Catenotaenia c r i c e t o r u m , Paranoplocephala sp. 1, M e s o c e ­
stoides sp. l a r v a . Taenia t e n u i c o l l i s l a r v a , Taenia m a r t i s l a r v a ;
Nematoda: H e l i g m o s o m o i d e s g l a r e o l i , H e l i g m o s o m u m m i x t u m , B o r e o s t r o n g y l u s m i n u t u s ,
C a p i l l a r i a annulosa;
Anoplura: Hoplopleura acanthopus, H . edentula;
Siphonaptera: A t y p h l o c e r a s nuperus, Ctenophthalmus a g y r t e s k l e i n s c h m i d t i a n u s , C. obtusus,
C. uncinatus uncinatus, Rhadinopsylla pentacantha, R. integella, P e r o m y s c o p s y l l a b i ­
dentata bidentata, A m a l a e r u s p e n i c i l l i g e r k r a t o c h v i l i , A . a r v i c o l a e , M e g a b o t h r i s t u r ­
bidus;
Mesostigmata: P e r g a m a s u s c r a s s i c e p s , Eugamasus l u n u l a t u s , E . k r a e p e l i n i , Eugamasus
sp. , E u r y p a r a s i t u s e m a r g i n a t u s , Cyrtolaelaps m u c r o n a t u s , M a c r o c h e i e s montanus,
Laelaps a g i l i s , L . c l e t h r i o n o m y d i s , L . h i l a r i s , Hyperlaelaps m i c r o t i , Eulaelaps stabul a r i s , Haemogamasus h o r r i d u s , H . n i d i , H . h i r s u t o s i m i l i s , H i r s t i o n y s s u s i s a b e l l i n u s ;
Ixodida: Ixodes t r i a n g u l i c e p s ;
T r o m b i d i d a : N e o t r o m b i c u l a a u t u m n a l i s , N . inopinata, N . t a l m i e n s i s , N . e l e g á n s , H i r s u t i e l l a
m u l t i s e t o s a , L e p t o t r o m b i d i u m europaeum, L . s i l v a t i c u m .
P i t y m y s s u b t e r r a n e u s (de S é l y s - L o n g c h a m p s , 1835)
Cestoda: Hymenolepis h o r r i d a , H . a s y m m e t r i c a , Anoplocephaloides dentata, P a r a n o p l o c e ­
phala s p . 2 , Hydatigera t a e n i a e f o r m i s l a r v a . Taenia t e n u i c o l l i s l a r v a , T e t r a t i r o t a e n i a
polyacantha l a r v a ;
Nematoda: H e l i g m o s o m u m c o s t e l l a t u m , B o r e o s t r o n g y l u s m i n u t u s , Syphacia montana;
Anoplura: H o p l o p l e u r a acanthopus, H . edentula;
Siphonaptera: H y s t r i c h o p s y l l a o r i e n t á l i s o r i e n t á l i s , A t y p h l o c e r a s n u p e r u s , Ctenophthalmus
a g y r t e s k l e i n s c h m i d t i a n u s , C . obtusus, C. uncinatus uncinatus, Rhadinopsylla penta­
cantha, R. äff. isacantha, R. i n t e g e l l a , P e r o m y s c o p s y l l a bidentata bidentata, A m a l a ­
raeus p e n i c i l l i g e r k r a t o c h v i l i , A . a r v i c o l a e , M e g a b o t h r i s t u r b i d u s ;
Mesostigmata: P e r g a m a s u s b r e v i c o r n i s , Eugamasus l u n u l a t u s , E . k r a e p e l i n i , E u r y p a r a s i t u s
e m a r g i n a t u s , C y r t o l a e l a p s m u c r o n a t u s , C. m i n o r , Laelaps j e t t m a r i , L . c l e t h r i o n o m y ­
d i s , L . h i l a r i s , Eulaelaps s t a b u l a r i s , Haemogamasus n i d i , H . h i r s u t o s i m i l i s , H i r s t i o ­
nyssus i s a b e l l i n u s ;
Ixodida: Ixodes t r i a n g u l i c e p s ;
Trombidida: Neotrombicula inopinata, N . e l e g á n s , H i r s u t i e l l a multisetosa, Leptotrombidium
silvaticum.
Microtus arvalis
( P a l l a s , 1779)
Cestoda: Anoplocephaloides dentata;
Nematoda: H e l i g m o s o m u m c o s t e l l a t u m , B o r e o s t r o n g y l u s m i n u t u s , Syphacia n i g e r i a n a ;
Anoplura: H o p l o p l e u r a acanthopus;
Siphonaptera: Ctenophthalmus a g y r t e s k l e i n s c h m i d t i a n u s , C. uncinatus uncinatus, A m a l a ­
raeus p e n i c i l l i g e r k r a t o c h v i l i , A . a r v i c o l a e ;
Mesostigmata: L a e l a p s c e l t h r i o n o m y d i s , L . h i l a r i s , H y p e r l a e l a p s m i c r o t i , Haemogamasus
nidi;
Trombidida: Hirsutiella multisetosa.
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S T O L L M A N N , A . (1 984): T e r r e s t r i a l s m a l l m a m m a l s in the Cergov Mountains (Western C a r patians, Czechoslovakia). - Miscnea z o o l . h u n g . , 2 : 1 3 - 1 4 .
A u t h o r s ' addresses: D r . F e r e n c M É S Z Á R O S
Zoological Department
Hungarian N a t u r a l H i s t o r y Museum
B a r o s s u. 13.
H-1088 Budapest
HUNGARY
Dr. Andrej STOLLMANN
Institute of E x p e r i m e n t a l B i o l o g y and Ecology
Slovak A c a d e m y of Sciences
Research Station Stare H o r y
CS-976 02 Stare H o r y
CZECHOSLOVAKIA