The role of Replica Symmetry Breaking for localized fermionic spin

Transkript

The role of Replica Symmetry Breaking for localized fermionic spin
"!#$&%'(*)+-,. /
01(23/(456,87$,9.6*7#7:(7;0,23 "!#0<,7$=>!$;!$0,7#?!$6,7;>!A@CB
D0EGF:HIHKJL?MON/PQPSR-T#PQUWVXEY[\ Z L^]`_ \ LbaXc:d#D
e:f
g"h$i"jlkmhonmpqsrutvrwkxrviytQzwq
0,0?+7$7;{.
*7:7:|}*.6,"!$7# -,~,6!$(*G!$
,9;€!$3/(4 ,!#0,7$‚
#!
, !ƒ„‚…7†
‡}"!$0‰ˆƒ-,7#=>!#Š!#0,7$€!
,7
‹Œ^Ž(‘“’*”–•/—˜”x”x;™›š…œ*”–Qž Ÿy¡…šžƒ•oŽ^(¢m£¥¤…¡™›œŽ^¦¢yŒ§¤™¨™›”x™
ž ¤;K”–œŒ^Žž ¤©™Iª(««¬”w•ooª'’…K”x¤#‘Ž^(¢¬Ÿ"žwžwš…<Ž^;™›š…œ*”–Qž Ÿy¡…šžƒ•¨ŸyQ™Q­
‹®•o”xžv¯……Ž^ž ¤ŒžQ¯…¤ŒŒ§”:(¢4”x™ƒ°
K”xœŒŽ^ž ¤u³{™Iª´"«µ «¬”w•ooªA’K”–¤$‘Ž…¢m¤…¡²±Gš…¤y•Kš« ¡ª((¤«Žžw™
K”x…Ÿ4Q«¬¤ŒŽ¶w¤:•KŽŸy'¢4QŸyš(œ
³{´"µ ¤¤……¡;
¡™I•oKŸy(¢ž Ÿyš…œŒŽ^(¢m•K¯(”–Ÿ4vŽ§”x™
•K¯(”®±"š(¤·•Kš…«©£¸¡(ª((¤«Žž ¤ŒGœ…KŸ4’>Œ§”x«9Ÿy¹…¡(Ÿyš…’Œ” £-•KŽ«¬”˜¡(”–œ*”x¡(”x·•«¬¤:•oQŽ§º¼»”xŒ^¡…™½¥ÀÂ
¾¾¿ Á§Ã/Ä`Ã?ÅWÆ
‹Ç{Ÿy…¡…Ÿ$£¥Ÿ4ÉÈ-¹‰”x³{KK´"Ÿyµ «¬¤$¢y(”–•oŽ^ž:Ê¥™/£X¡ž Ÿyš(œ>ŒŽ^(¢¬Ÿ4¹+ž ¤$KQŽ”–Q™Ë—SŽ§•K¯†™›œŽ^¦¢yŒ§¤™¨™ÌŸ4v¡(”–<¤…¡
¤™Iª(«¬«¬”w•oQŽ^ž
= (…,O! .
(7#7GÍ 7#
-=!$
, Î!$ 01(2 /(456, +ÏCˆK! ˜
}2…¦?!$9Ð8=ÑÑ*2~,O!#(*G!
,
³ÓÒÕÔ œ œ*”–Q«¬¤…Ö0× Ò0´ ¯(”–QQŽ…¢•oŸy0°¥ž Ÿ·…¡"£X«¬¤:•ƒØ#Ù·ÚÙGÛ4Û$ÜÝ
‹Ì¤(¤Œ§ªG•KŽ^ž™›ŸyŒš(•oŽŸy
‹Ì¢4¤$œŠ™I•oQš…žƒ•Kš…K”{Ÿy¹Þ•K¯(”ÉŒ§Ÿž ¤ŒŽ¶w”x¡AŒ^Ž«ŽÕ•w°ßӚ(’’…¤$Q¡£‚¤…¡™›œŽ^;¢yŒ§¤™¨™à£`¢4¤$œ™
‹{È`Œ§Ÿž ¤Œ€ÊṀ”–Q«ŽŸyAœKŸ4œ¤#¢y¤:•oŸ4¼Ž^A•K¯…”Ó¡…”–”–œ²™›œŽ^¦¢yŒ§¤™¨™®œ¯…¤™I”y°
™›œ*”xžwŽ¤$ŒO±"š(¤·•Kš…« ¡ª((¤«Žž¼’*”:¯(¤wâ(Ž§Ÿ·š(ã¤…¡ ³{´"µ
‹ã¯(¤Œ§¹»sŒŒŽ^(¢¬•oK¤…™¨ŽÕ•KŽŸy’*”xž Ÿy«¬”x™¼ž Ÿ·y•KŽ^Gš…Ÿyš…™ã¡š(”u•oŸ'¹?šŒŒ ³{´µ È-¡Ž™¨ž Ÿy·•KŽ"š(Ÿ·š…™SŸ•K¯(”–¨£
—SŽ™›”$Ê
«¬¤$¢y(”–•oŽ^ž¼’…Q”–¤$‘"¡…Ÿx—<K”x«¬¤Ž™Ì¡…Ž^™›ž Ÿ·y•KŽ^Gš…Ÿyš…™
‹™¨ž ¤ŒŽ^(¢©Q”xŒ§¤#•KŽ§Ÿy™Ë¤…¡ ³{´"µ £¸¢4”x…”–K¤#•KŽ§Ÿy¦Ÿ4¹+…Ÿy(¤…¤$Œ§ª"•oŽ^ž’*”x¯…¤wâ(Ž§Ÿyš…
³ÓÒÕÔ¼Ò Ös× Ò0´ ¯(”–KvŽ(¢4•¨Ÿ·0Ösä Ò Çӎ™›”xŒ§”–âsÖsž Ÿy¡"£¸«¬¤#•ƒØ#Ù(å–Ù·æÙyæ4æ"°
‹Ì¤™Iª(«¬«¬”w•oQŽ^ž ³{´"µ ¹€Ÿ4S•/—ËŸ$£¸ž Ÿ·«mœ*Ÿ·(”x·•S™Iª(™I•¨”:«¬™Ì—SŽÕ•K¯¦çS£ µ ¤$™Iª(««¬”w•ooª
¤¬™›žv¯(”x«¬”{—SŽÕ•K¯†•oK”–”[Œ§”wⷔxŒ
ž ŸyKK”xŒ¤:•KŽŸy
è¼éêIë¥ì˜íÉê›î ï éð[îêŠñòìËó ô¨êàõséöÉô›ìËö
÷“ø„ùŠúàù·ûxüþýÿ„ýý >ü}ý#ÿ„ý¦ý:ø>û |ý!#ù·û"#$#ýÿ
%
&
')(*,+.-0/2+ 1 /2-
1 3
( 7 5 9+ 8:7 5 +<;='
4 6
>?( 7 5 +@
ACBEDFGDIHKJML ,NO PRQ ,NO SCTU FGDVFGD U DWYXZD[]\Y^]_DFZ` T a W <T b d
V ceFGX <T bf g
D Wh`\!DF a ViDFjceX a F U l
NO knmpoqm
rsutZvxwZrpyzv|{I}~tz{€vE‚tZƒ…„‡†‚ˆ†$„‡‰{€Šƒ‹rŒ†{Ž À‘]’”“G• ‰t‰‡–${={‹—˜‰{€†$‰2‰‡–™rŒ‰Rš:›œ rŒ†ly€{={€wZrŒv “ rŒ‰{€ž Ÿ„‡‰¡–
s€‰rŒ‰9„¢s • „‡† ’ Š£tZƒ€ƒ¤{€v¥rŒ‰9„tZ†Œž¦y “ ‰e‚{€ƒq}R„tZ†¨§ “ rŒ†$‰ “ }RŠ©ŒªZ†erŒ}R„£sz«­¬ • „‡†$Š®rŒ†e2£–™rŒƒ<{¯£tZƒqƒ£{€v¥rŒ‰9„tZ†™s:ƒ¤{€}¦rŒ„‡†
s€‰rŒ‰9„¯‰tut “ †e{€ƒ¯rppŒ„‡‰<„tZ†erŒv°s€Š©2‰9ª • {RrŒ†e • rŒ„‡ƒqŠ–$t •p• „‡†¦±:rŒ}R„‡vx‰tZ†$„9rŒ†™s£²,y “ ‰,‰ “ ƒ€†…ŒªZ†erŒ}R„‚tZƒs€„‡†$Š
Œv|{,‚{€ƒ€}R„tZ†–$t •p• „‡†gtZƒ³±{€„|su{€†ey€{€ƒ<C„‡†$‰{€ƒr€‰9„tZ†™s ’ ¬´r£–™{€wµ{€‰”«‡rŒv¥«‡¶³·–ªGsz«¥¸®{€wZ«¥¹ºŒ»Œ²­¼½Z» ¾¿ ’ ¼pÀpÀpº€žuÁ
¸Â«”î«¥²Äg«Å¹®„‡†e{€ƒÆy€{€ƒ<{€ƒz¶!dž$†erŒv|{€†{€ƒ·–ªGs€„|ÈMÉj²ÅÊeÀzÊ ’ ¼pÀpÀzʌž£ž
ï î„õEË[éð éÍÌÏÎ>éê‚ÐÓõsô›éö
Ñ [ T UGb FGD XZD¨X T `D UGf<TbT WEÒ a _ T `c´Ò T WceFG^=X T ` D Ó T WYXZDFuÔ´c f,Õ=ÖØ×]ÖÚÙÛk
× áqâãåä"æ¢Q6×áqâEæ˜ç
´Ô c´W T U B T WEÒ [ T U XŒc°W b DIà¦L èêé*ì˜öÉð
ë+ì˜ö[éöÉô‚ë+ì˜êì[ì³é*õsôIõ*ôIéSö
Ý€Þ´Ü ß c´W[ fT ` T X a _
̘ÐÉögëõsô›éö
FGDV fT<b ceXZD[íÒîFjc°W[Ó b c°W a W Tb c f Vdc´FuX T X T a W_©hW b X Ta Wðïñóòô T WíXZDFZ` U¦a _XjBEDIc°WõX Tba ``=h#XuÓ
T WEÒ D T Ò°D™WõÔ´c f hED U~öR÷"øöRù ÷úa _ÂXjBEDg_DFZ` <T a W a ViDFjceX a F U~m0øm ojû
ü…ÿ Ü
ó
ñ
ò
ô
ö ù ÷ á‹×Zæ ö ÷ á‹×Zæ
ï
L üfT ýM` þ
Ý ÷
ü…ÿ ¡Q á ÷ á ö ù ÷ á×#"%$‚æ&Gö ÷ á×ZæGæ­ã' ÷ ázQ ö ù ÷ ‹á ×(uæ)&Gö ÷ ‹á ×,+.-$ÆæGæGæ0/
à !
!
!
*
÷ Ý ü…ÿ ¡Q ö ù !÷ á‹× #"%$ æá©ö *÷ á‹× #"%$ æ:Q6ö !÷ á‹× æG:
æ Q21 ö ù 3÷ ‹á × ( æá©ö *÷ ‹á × ( æ:Q6ö *÷ á‹×
÷ Ý 6îá8ö9
7 &Zö~æ :
L ã
;LK
;
<á ñ<; =¤ô,>
ö 7 AC6 B á×
ö@7 6
; = )? ACB
D "%EGæÆö 6
ACB
á‹×)D
"%E
æ H ö@AF6 B á‹×)D æGö@7 H6 B ? á‹×D
á‹× D Gæ æNM~Qåá ö7
6
ACB
á‹×
D "%EZæ
"%E æ HJI ö@6 )? á‹×D
=
H ö
6
AFB
+4-$ æGæ5/
æ
á‹× D Gæ æOM/£QQP
;
ö 7 AC6 B ‹á ×
D "EZæÆö 6
ACB
á‹× D æ
TUGa FZ[EDFc™ÔõDFŒceÒîD TU ViDFZ_ a FZ`D[úA T XŒBcQSgc°h UGUGT c°Wg[ T<U XZF T \h#X T<a WUT á5VXW ZY,[ æ\ c ff _©DFZ` Ta W
D f [ U c°W[_^ChE\\dc´FZ[ÓN`YXZFŒc0X a W a Ô Tb B ] D f [ U c´FGD T WõXjDÒîFjceXZD[ a h#XC\iD_ a FGDIXjBEDX T `D ba WÓ
X T Whh` fT ` T X T<U X˜cbaîD™W
]
R
cJdegfihkjmlonpmqrfsfJtuivkewu.hxquyqrz{e0|sewu~}xe0pmvkf
 ÷N€
á× Ý Z& × Ý I æ L
÷‚÷ á× Ý Q × Ý ? wæ ƒ ㄂ ÷O€ áuä~Q…ƒ æ­ã†ƒ
O÷ €
÷O€
‚
 ÷N€
á× Ý Z& × Ý I æ
qhkh‡ewqruˆqf‰q9fshbewŠwjmqrpŒ‹Že0usz{jmtlŠwtr‘khkpmj’lkn9Šwtlkf|“qrl)|ˆqŽ|ye0ugvke0Šwt‘hkpmj’lknQ|sdke”e5•–e0Š0|yj<—e”˜Že0usz{jmtlfshjml
½
½
nrp3qrfif{j’l)|yewusqrŠ0|sjmtl–™šcJdke9fyqrvvkpme›#hbtjml)|œ gž ŠwqrlšŸbeQfiewhxquyq|sewv Žuitz¢¡x‘kŠ5|y‘xq|yjmtrl£}xe0pmvkf¥¤ {¦Œ§ dkjmŠ“d
vt{ltr|4Šwtl)|yuijmŸk‘%|ye¨ŽtuJusqrlkne›Žuse0e
ª|#¬%hbe z{t%vewpmf ¦ hbtfsfiewfif4|sjmz{e5#vewhbewlkvke0l)|.vkj3qrnrtlxqrp‡hxqrui|sf4qrlkv
ª©«
­
vkewhbewlvkewl)|¯fi|yq|yj’Š¥t•bvkj3qrnrtlxqrp°hxqui|yfg± ² ™9cJdke”|yj’z¥e{vke0h‡e0lkvkewlŠwe³trŽ{´±
vkj’fyqrhh‡ewqrusfµŽtug|sdke
©®
z{t,vkewp’f¶vkj’fsŠ0‘kfsfiewvodkewuie ¦ Ÿk‘|.qrp’fstµŽtu¶Š0ewu|“qrj’l·e5¸,|ye0lkfsj’tlkf~fi‘kŠ“doqrf~p’t%Šwqrpxhxqrj’u¶dthkhkj’lknˆtuŒfv³jml)|ye0uyqrŠ›
|sjmtlfw™
Á
Æ
¾
¾¾
(…,7¦à=,G!$
,7¦/
!$
¹
…,(>!,.…º=,G!6,0¥»
¹
¼ ewlewuyq|yjmlnŽ‘lkŠ0|sjmtlxqp.½2tŸ%|“qrj’lkewv£e5¸qrŠ5|yp’¬¾pmjm¿e9ÀÁqpmpmt § f‰|stvewusj<—e9Â.ªŽewuiz¥j’tlLhkustrhxqrn)q|stusf ¦ j’l
hkqrui|sjmŠw‘p3qruGŽtru.ÃÅÄÇÆ
È
ñ ÷z÷ ô á‹× &j×É0æ L
ƒ
ƒ
á‹× æ
ƒËÊ ÷ » *ÊG& ÊÌ/OÍFÎÐÏ (ÑÓÎÐÒ Ï (
ù
á‹× É æ
ƒ Ê ù ÷ e5—e0l”jml¯­
ªŽuse0eJqrhkhkuitN¸j’z”q|yjmtrl‰|ydke~Že0usz{jmtl‰hkusthkqrn)q|stuÔdxqrf°ltr|Ô|yde.qrhkhbeNqruiewlkŠ0e4tŽ–qfijmz{hkpmeGqrlkv
©®
j’lkŠwtrushbtuyq|sewfglktlkhbewu|y‘kuiŸxq|yj<—e0p’¬Ue0•‡ewŠ5|yf@trŽJ|sdke”z¥qrnlke5|yj’Š¥tuivkewu0Õ¶j<|‰Šwqrl¾Ÿbe § usj<|s|sewl¾j’lÖfsdtui|sdxqrlkv
ltr|“q|sjmtloqf
È
ñ ÷ ô á à æ L
Ø×
á›ÙÖÚ
æ ÛÜ
É)É o
1
Ý Zñ Þ%ß )àJáâyâ
à ã†Pã H
ô ãêä
ÙÖÚ É)É
ã
,Ý <ñ Þ
ÿ
æ áyÝ ñZÞ%ß )àJáâyâ ÿ8ã ô ãêä"æ
à ã†Píã H Ù¾Ú É)É QÅä
)àJáâyâ
1
åæ
d ewuseQjml)|ye0nuyq|yjmtrl j’f{tO—rewu·qpmp~}xe0pmvkf{tl § djmŠ“dš|sdkeQe5•–e0Š0|sj’—e9}xewp’vèç@éê›êvewhbewlkvkf0™ëcJdkjmf¥l,‘zˆŸ‡e0u
§ j’lkŠwuieNqrfiewf § j<|ydì|ydeˆtusvewu¨trŽŒ­
qrlvì|ydkeˆŽtuiz„trŽí|ydke‰}kewpmvîvjmfi|susj’Ÿk‘|yj’tlìï ç@éªê5ê qrf § ewp’pÔqrf¨|sdke
©®
uiewfi‘kp’|sjmlkn ¼ usewe0l9Ž‘lkŠ0|sjmtloŸbewŠwtrz¥e0f4z{tuieðqrlkvoz¥truseŠwtrz¥hkp’jmŠwq|ye0v™
Á
ffT WõXZDÒîFjceX <T a W Uúb c°W \!D UGaîf ÔîD™[ D)òc b
VF a ò T `íceX T<a W °c W[
XjBEDlc°Wc f ^X T<bðba WYX
W a WÓ UGT `V f D æ FGD XŒc´FZ[ED[öS FGDDWð_©hW b X T<a
ä
Ü
÷ø “á ù æ L
¢ázQúm ý ÿ
ú û–ü
ý ÿ
ÜÌþ
Õ T WlXjBED <f a AMD U X áyô `°õ Óq_FZDD æ c´V#Ó
X f ^)_ a î
F ó L ð
T WhceX T<a W ZF D XjhEZF W U XjBED á V!DFZBc´V UíU hEFGVF TUGT WEÒ f ^
Wðc U
ñ
A T XjB m
ý ÿ
L
Ü á“ù ã
þ
Æ
æRá¤Õ&™Qúm
ý ÿ
æ¢Q…1
áuä~Q'ázQ91#m
ü
ý ÿ
æGæ
ã'1€Õ ß æ c°W[
þ
\!D T WEÒ XjBED f T EW D"c´F U h ZU b D VEX T \ T f<T zX ^ ç
‘ku°husjmz¥qru¬gnrt)qrpj’f|ytðqhkhkustqrŠ“d{qrlxqrp<¬,|sjmŠwqrpmp<¬ðqrlkv¯l‘kz{ewusj’ŠNqrp’p’¬ð|yde~zˆ‘kŠ“d¯z{tuse~Š0tz{hkpmj’ŠNq|sewvˆe›¸kqŠ0|
Že0usz{jmtlUhkuithxqrn)q|ytuðŸ)¬UjmlkŠ0pm‘kvkj’lkn9dkjmndewuµtusvke0u‰­
fitp’—rewv|ytnre0|ydewu § j’|sd|sdke¯‘kfse{trŽ
fijmzˆ‘p’|“qlkewt‘fsp’¬¥|ydkeŽuieweewlewusn¬™
Á
‘kh|ytÆ
Æ
ÎÁ
fse5—e0uyqrp¶ewl)|“qrlnpme0vÖjml)|sewnusq|yj’tlkfðdxqrvÖ|stŸbe
© ®
fsewp<ŽŠwtlfsjmf|ye0l|sp’¬ìŽtr‘klkvhxqrusqrz¥e5|ye0usf § dkjmŠ“dUe5¸,|susewz{j 0e
é Ìðé*î¢ìgÐÉê‚ÎsôIëî
¢î ëÞõÎ ¦
Ëì öÉð éÍÌCì‚õ>õEé*ì¯ëÞõ*ôIëî ñ ÐÉíÉí[ì³éð ô¨öãõsî¢é*ì³ëõsô›éögÎ
é ö õEË[î Î#ìÉô¨ö ê›ì³ÎEÎØë­éôàõ*ô‚ëìËê†õ>îó 쬢î é*ì¥õÐgé*î
Á ‘lkpmj’¿reðq@z”qnlke0|sjmŠ
cJdegŠ“dke0z¥j’ŠNqrp–h‡tr|sewl)|yjmqrp
}kewpmv
Æ
vkt%e0f.lktr|.fsz{eNqu.|sdke¨|yusqrlkfij’|yj’tl³Ÿk‘|4j’lkŠwuieNqrfiewf
hkqrui|sjmŠwp’el‘kzˆŸbewu.‘kl)|yj’pz”qnlke0|sjmŠ¨hdxqrfseµŸkuieNqr¿f.vkt § l
cJde9uiewhk‘pmfsj<—e 4‘kŸkŸxqruiv jml)|ye0uyqrŠ5|yjmtrl †uiewvk‘kŠ0ewf¯vkt‘Ÿkpme›#t,ŠwŠw‘hxq|yj’tl
¯Žtuiz¥fJj’lkŠwtrdkewuiewl)|4pmt,ŠNqrp‡hxqrjmuif
qrlkv¾Ž qN—rt‘kusf@|sdkuse0e5#f|“q|se³h‡e0u
fij’|seµfihxqrŠ0e ¦k§ dkj’pmeðq|i|yuyqŠ0|yj<—e
$ -&%
P]Q ä-.
$
"
æGæ
L ä!áuä³ãÁ # ' â &m (*),+á
W
ó É
+102435 tu4QÄ 3546 +1024375 uiewvk‘Šweð|ydkj’f~|yt@|ydke
ó É
/ Ä {qrlkvÄ
lktr|ye|sdxq|
©«
z¥t,vkewp–usewfi‘kp’|w™
1
Tf
U=10
U=3
0.8
U=0.5
0.6
0.4
U=-0.5
Tf 3=1/3
0.2
U=-1.4
Tf1(U=10)
-2.5
0
2.5
5
7.5
10
12.5
µ
•oŸ"Ÿ™à•oKŸ·(¢¬¤:•¨•oK¤žƒ•KŽÕây”ÓŽ·•o”–K¤žƒ•KŽ§Ÿy™È`(”–¢4¤#•KŽÕⷔ Ê®¡(”x™I•oKŸ:ª†™›œŽ^†¢·Œ§¤™¨™ÌŸ4Q¡…”–
Ñ «¬¤#¢·(”w•KŽž¬Ž·•o”–K¤žƒ•KŽ§Ÿ·ž ¤$(Ÿ•ÉŽ8¤¦™¨Ž«¬œ>Œ§”¬—˜¤–ª¢4”:(”–K¤#•o”Až Ÿy¯…”–K”xž ”'’*”w•/—Ë”–”x Œ§Ÿž ¤Œ
œ…¤Ž§Q7™ 8>¤©œ¤$Ž¨£¸¯…Ÿ4œ…œ>Ž…¢ß{¤«ŽŒÕ•oŸyŽ§¤'Ž^™®K”x±"š…ŽK”x¡†•oŸm¡…”xŒ§Ÿž ¤ŒŽ¶w”•K¯(”Óœ…¤Ž§v™®¤…¡;¤ŒŒŸx—&¹‰Ÿy
¤m™›œŽ^†¢·Œ§¤™¨™®•oŸ¬™¨š…œ*”–Qž Ÿy¡…š…žƒ•oŸ4<•oK¤…™¨Ž§•oŽŸy
Ñ ¤¡¡…ŽÕ•KŽŸy(¤ŒQ¤$¡(Ÿy«©£ œ*”xo•Kš(K’¤:•KŽŸy3…5 ™¼Q”x«¬Ÿxây”:™<•o¯…”¬Ž^ 9>”xžƒ•KŽ§Ÿy™Iª««¬”w•ooª;— Ò  Ò • Ò •K¯…”
œ…¤$o•KŽžwŒ”¯(ŸyŒ”S™Iª(2 «Ä«m ”–•¨Kª[œ*Ÿ·Ž·• Ä: ¤$¡¡(Ÿ"”x™á…Ÿ•áK”x¡(”–Ëž Ÿy·•KŽ"š(Ÿyš™„•K¯(”S«¬¤$¢y…”w•KŽž
’…K”–¤$‘¡(Ÿ:—S¤#•
Ñ ™¨Ž…¢yŒ§”©¹‰”xQ«Ž§ŸyC¯(Ÿ4œœŽ…¢Aœ*”–K•oš…K’…¤#•KŽ§Ÿ·…™¼¯(Ÿ:—Ë”wây”–Ó™I”x”x« •oŸ'•Kš(Q²•K¯(”¬«m¤$¢y…”w•KŽžÓ•oK¤"£
™›Ž§•KŽ§Ÿy¦ž Ÿy·•KŽ"š(Ÿyš™
Ñ
;< è>=@?ë¥ì¯é0ô›ì‚õsô›éö[ìËêíì[ì³é0ì˜ó î„õsîÂédÎBA ÆDC AE5 C AEF CHI G C,JgÆKC,J 5
c°W[][EDF T ÔõD™[L hc´WYX T X T D U D!LÅh Tf<T \F T h` U h UGb DVEX T \ TfT Xz^c´W[]_DFZ` T<a W ba W b DWYXZFjceX Ta W
c U c=_©hW b X Ta W a _XjBED b BED™` Tb c f V a XjDWõX T c f
]&^R_a`b,cedfhgjiflm*k o n cqpsrut k wi vxwyk z r{cqp r^ t|p ^^ i}vy7k z ^scqp ^^ t~p ^ i&t:k ^ € ‡€ cŒs^ŽSŒ  i
z ‚Rƒ4„†… ‚Rˆ|‰‹Š
’š&›œOœ ‚Rˆ ‚Rƒ Ÿe¡
ˆOŸe¤ ^ Ÿ¥ k t c{¨©|ª c ¨© it¬«®­°¯R´ ±±²cgŽ1g³ŽSŒ^sŽSŒ  it z r{cqpsrut~p^{i
cŒ^ŽSŒ  i‘f mk cki
O
Š
ž
O
Š
ž
ž
m cqp–rt~p^{i
µ
‰‹Š
™
—˜U™ ¢S˜{£\¢
•¦–§
’s“}” r–•{—˜U™
Ÿ « c « ¨©|ª c ¨© ´ im t/­ ¯R±± cg³ŽSgŽ1Œ ^ ŽSŒ  i i Ž ¨©4»H© t½¼Ht on ¾ m Ž$­°¯R±±\cgŽSg³Ž1Œ^ŽSŒ  if¿ p^‹t|p  Œ^v ¿ p  Œ 
v mk
cqp–rut~p{^{i
•{—˜R¶S·¹¸™º¶S· ’ •{¦–§
À M{Ás²ÑPSÄÃRVºNÆÅUÄsÇ\È À MUÂÉcÂ²Ä–Ç²Ê À MOËiVYZÌPSMU[sQ1Á À M{ÍÌÇ\ÁPSVYĖZ²Ã ¥{Î Ž Î ˆ Ž Î Ž Î ˆ Ž Î ƒ Ž Î‘Ð Ï ]°cg–i‘fÑgÁZÒÂÓPSÔ²M‹ÕeÄ ÀÖÀ Ä{×,VYZ\[EZÇ\TWMOQSVYÅ{Á À ÃRÄ À dzPSVYĖZ\Ã
ՆÄsQDÄsQ1³MOQKÈÒÁQ1ÁTWMOPSMOQ,p{ØRÙ
Ø ¾ d » z ؝ÙÒÁZÒ®ՆMOQS—TW˜ VYĖ—ZßÞ ÀYÀ ¢RVY˜Z²[ÆÕq¢ ÁÅOPSÄs¢ Q*àWfâµ á{ã
„†ÚÛÉÜÝ Š Û
…wä
MONPRQSMUTWVYXUVYZ\[
1.5
10
ν
a1
8
ν
1.05
6
1.4
2RSB
4
1.01
1
a2
2
0
0.2
0.4
0.1
1.3
0.6
0.8
0.2
0.3
µ
µ
0.4
1
q1
0.8
1.2
q2
0.6
1.1
q3
0.4
0.2
2 1
0
0.4
0.6
0.8
µ
å‹æ²ç Õ çOèSéWêYë–ìWíÒîYîYêYì\ï ÕqðñOò ësè,ó}ôeõHöÑ÷–øuöÑùWúaôûÓøüûö-ýþ®µÿ!êRæ\ë × ì êÖì®÷Uý
0.2
Õ ësè ñ ësé ð èSêRësì ð ì°ê‹ç ò êÖé ðò ç
ò ë¹ëç
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
"!$#&%('*),+(--/.103246578-+#&78!9
:<;>=?@?BACD?=E
FGHID?GKJL@:NMPOQF@@:SRTIU=IUVW:WXKYZ?A[?@?BYR
ô ñ ësé ð èSêRësìßë ÕW\ Öî ë × ]ç ò ëèB²çOè,,ë Õ ^$ø_
1
1
χ
2RSB
0.95
1RSB
χ
0RSB
0.8
0.6
0.9
1RSB
0.4
0.85
0RSB
2RSB
0.2
0.8
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
µ
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
µ
ò æ²ç$è ð ì\ïsçDë Õ7ñ ë–ì` ò1ð ì òa ^a b Õ ësè!æ ð î Õ í\îÖîYêYì\ï ñ ëèRèSç]cë–ì` ò ë ò æ²çdc²êYìWï–î ð c‹ï ð çUì²çOèSïe ð ì³ç ñ èSç ð Rç] ò ë/fUçOèSë ð ò æ\çd< ësèB³çOè
ð `³èSë ðsñ æ\ç ÓêYì²í\ì\ê ò PgWå‹æ\çWìh\éiçOèë Õ$× êYïsï–îYç]ÆêYì ñ èSç ð Rçi³èSëësè ò êYësì ð î ò ë ò æ\çWìh²éjçOèë Õ ò ç]EêYì èSç\îYê ñ{ð c ðñ ç ّð ì ð ð ì
ç kaç ñOò ë Õwò æ²l
ç ò ]ç `
ç ð `³èSënm³êYé ðò êYësìWêÖìWèSç]²îYê ñUð c ðsñ ç ò æ\çlch` ñ ç] ò ê\êYîYê ò êYç] ð cch²éWç ð è,h²ï–ï–ç][Ræ ð çEô ð ðÕ h\ì ñ ò êÖësìWë Õwñ æ²çUéWê ñ{ð î
ë ò çUì ò ê ð î7ëèKë Õò æ²ç Õ çOèSéWêYësì ñ ë–ì ñ çUì ò è ðò êYësì ð × çOîÖî øoç Õ ëèSç ò æ\çWèSç ðñ æ ò æ\çUêºèprqsStuRë–îh ò êÖësì` awv ý ð ìxay
b v ÷g
z|{~}€ƒ‚„‚…‡†‰ˆŠ{
‹Œ
†Ž‘
}“’i”
–•
†Š—™˜šzœ›
›|˜šž“{
Ÿ¡ £¢o¤¦¥– ¥>§l¨ª©nŸ¬«*©n­ƒ®¦¯[«¦°*±1©²«³¢o¤¦¥ƒ±´*©e«‘µ·¶²¯±<±1Ÿ¡§o°*¥>§o¥/°¸´*¤¦¯±<¥
0.9
µ 0.8
1.5
T
U=0.5
T=0.01
0.7
1
0.6
0.5
0.5
ρ(E) ρ
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
5
0.1
-1
E
µ
0
0.2
0
0
1
E
-')c#º¹o»¼+(½'Z¾·¿oÀZ!(Á(5º),78½w-ÂÀ¼½e»8'3ÃÄ+¿(¿oÀ¼½eÁ~½e'`Å(+(-578!ÇƖÈrÈÊÉ1Ë,5%(7ÍÌw!ÎÀ¼5yÀÏ),+(!Ð#&78!u7¼)>#&'`эÅd'`½&ÀD#&+(½e'3Ò
ÀZ!(Á£'`!'`½»ZÓ$ÔxÕÌw#%£ÀÖ!(7¼!(Ñ×ÀZ»8!('#"Ðy¿oÀ¼!(Á×5Å(-##"!(»r7¼Ø~+(Å(Åd'`½¬ÃÄ+(¿(¿(À¼½Á$¿oÀZ!(Á£¿d'`-"7Í̅ԖÙÊ~"!×#%('
5eÅ("!»8-"À¼55[Å(%oÀZ5'¼Ú<½»8%N#¹o»8+(½e'¼¾Kн785e57ÍÛ8'½Ü7¼)d#&%('ÄÝo'`½Ñ(-'Û8'-o),½78ч#%('y5Å(!»8-"À¼55[Å(5e'`+(Á78»NÀ¼Å½'`»¼"э'
!N#&7Þ#&%('3Ð78Ñx¿(!('`ÁßÃÄ+¿(¿oÀ¼½eÁ<à
5eÅ("!<à]»8-ÂÀZ55º½'»8"э'*À¼5yÀx),+(!(Ð^#&78!~7Z)i#%('3ÐP%('`э"Ð`À¼-Åd7¼#&'!S#ÂÀ¼-K9
VWCD?,YZ:WCD?áGTâ²áC×YZãK:äá>V<VW=KCUCU:GVS:åáâæYZãK:äVW:<GLYZCZF@ºGáGETFQJLGK:SYZ?V~A¡FQGHwç
èé
ë3
ê ìíïî¸ð
ñšò3ó‰è6î¸í/ô‘é|õeèé
ër
ê ìíö
!ß.ùà
5e#'`Å~úæû<üå
ýþ Û¼ÀZ!("5e%('`5yÀZ#w҄ÙÊÿƒÙÞÈ
‹j‹
E
‹ƒ‚ éw÷
èéœô×ìíøî
õôŠó
'À¼Ð#yн#'`½e"78!$¿d'`Ð78Ñ'5
*Œ
ër
ê öUìí
¦Œ"!#%$
è
! &
'
2
0RSB-DOS
0RSB-DOS
1.5
1RSB-DOS
1
E
EF
F
0.5
HUBBARD GAP
Hubbard
gap
central band
central
band
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
U
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
U
úw'`»¼"78!(5w7¼)j¹o!(#'3Á('`!(5e#
Óß7¼)j5e#PÀD#&'`5æÀ¼½'r5%7UÌw!Î"!~ÿ80324“À¼!Á)(Í0324×Úd%("»¼%('`½w78½eÁ('`½e5y¹o--L½'Ñ×À¼!("!»
5eÅoÀ¼Ð'Þ+(!N#&"->Ð`'!N#&½&ÀZ-wËB!(7¼!(Ñ×ÀZ»8!('#"ÐÕw¿oÀZ!(Áǹ(#&5æ"!N#&7#&%('xÐ78½!'`½¦¿d'#
Ì·'`'!
Ýo'`½eÑ>-"'^Û8'-KÀ¼!(ÁÇÃÄ+(¿(¿(À¼½Á
»8À¼Åä'`Á(»8'Z9%*º%('Ýo'`½eÑi-"'Û¼'`-K-'ÀÛ8'5*#&%('ÃÄ+¿(¿oÀ¼½eÁå»8À¼ÅåÀZ#ÖÆ6Ù6ÊË,'À¼ÑÅ(-"'Z¾æ
„"! .10324×92Ä
1 7¼#'$#&%oÀZ#ÏÁ+('$#&7ä#&%('ßÃÄ+¿(¿oÀ¼½eÁ »NÀZÅù#%('
1ƒ7WÐ`Ð`+½5ÄÀZ#¦ÆÙÊåÀ¼!(Áß!(7¼#ÄÀZ#º#%('3ÅoÀ¼½e#"Ð-"'*%(78-'*5eÓWэÑ'^#&½eÓ£ÅQ78!N#
ÇكÆ?>A@<9¬032[4€Á('^#&'`½eÑ!('`5º#%(' н #&"Ð`À¼-¿d'`%oÀÛW"7¼+(½yÀZ#*ÆÙC(
B Ìw%("ÐP%~"5w½'-ÂÀZ#'`Áu#&7Þ#&%' Å(5e'`+(Á78»NÀ¼Å
!ï#&%('u5Å"!ù»8-ÂÀ¼5e5ÞÅ(5'+(Á(78»8À¼Å
Ã34/ÝùÝ56474756189*wú:31¦û;5<*=5
5e%oÀ¼Åd'ËB5''
¿d'`-7ÍÌÄÕ^9
),78½×Æ0/
Ù6ÿ,+.-WÉ/Õ¦ÀZ!(Áä5e#PÀÓW5
z|{~}€ 'CE
D
VWáE
X[@B:WYD:
FG8‹ IH
IÍ:SYßáâ*IÍ:@Bâ²V<áGIU?IÍYD:<G/Y£IUá@=jYZ?áGI
J
#xŒL
K
MN# PO
Q& ŒN!
RTSVUXWYS;Z[WYS[\;WYS^]_WYS;`AabW;RTcCUYWYc7Z;WYcd\;Wecd];abWøFQGH"R ë ê W ë a
'fW#&½'Ñhg`!(»Þ#&%('jiN0324rà),½'`'*'!('`½e»¼Óu¿NÓ
kel^m n l^mpo n l^mrq n l^mts n l^u fn l^uvo n l^uwq n l^uws n l^uvx n d
l y
s~€f‚ Ë,҅مÿNÕ[ÙÊÿ
z {e}
|
*º%'3҄ÙÊÿÞ78½Á'`½ºÅoÀ¼½À¼Ñ'#&'½¬),+(!(Ð^#&78!$Ìw#&%u!S#'`½eÅQ78-"ÀZ#&'ÁƒiNúÄûü¡à]½'`5e+(-#5`Ú(½e'`Å(½e'`5e'`!N#PÀZ#"78!~À¼5wÀx),+(!(Ðà
#"78!Î7¼)…„AK
† Ù9‡ˆw‰‹Š,Œ:Ž‰ƒ
† Ë,ÒæÕpU
> ҉Ë,-"'^)c#ÕÄÀZ!(ÁäÀ¼5¦À×),+!(Ð#"78!Ç7Z)#&%('x½e'`5eÐÀ¼-'`Á„A’‘
„Ae(
> Ët(?“”„AD
 Õd
B Ìw%("ÐP%
ÑÀ¼Å(5:x
• 7¼!~ÀZ!~!S#'`½²Û¼ÀZ-– ÿ n (˜
— Ú(ÀÏ¿(½'`ÀX8
™ à
Åd78"!N#w5wÀ¼¿(5'!N#æ!$¿Q7¼#%~½e'`Å(½e'`5e'`!N#PÀZ#"78!5
q(ax)1
q=q1=1
q
2
0.8
0.75
q3
0.6
0.5
0.4
q4
T=0 order parameter function q(ax )
0.25
0.2
q
5
a4 a3 1 a2 2
3
4
5 a1 6
7
8
9
0
ax
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
ax=ax/(1+ax)
š6› œž šrŸ^ …¡F¢A£¥¤¦›'§<¢X›'¨X©&¨e§ªšt£.«Y£.Q¤­¬AQš6§®©&¯7±°²Qšt£¥³<£²©&št´X›fš=¬AQš6˜œ›§v›šµ¯·¶A¨X¸p§<£.©˜¨‹¸p©˜¤¥¤. ¬^³ª›³µ©˜¨§ª©¹§ª¢X›'º˜»¼Q½Y£¥³µ£.¨§<¢X›
¤¥£¾œž£.§p¿Y§<¢X›…³<£¥¨XÀ˜¶X¤.QšÁšt›³<¸pQ¤¥£¥¨XÀ:©&¯_§<¢X›…°Â št£¥³<£AÃ^¤.©e¸tŸœž §ªšt£¥¸p›³7¶A¨X¯Ä©˜¤¥´A³7§<¢X›³ª›º˜»¼« Q¤¥¶X›³7£¥¨?š6›fÀ˜¶A¤¦Qšb¯·¶A¨X¸p§<£.©˜¨
©Q¯Â§<¢Y›š6›³<¸pQ¤.›´±«Qšt£.QÃA¤.›žÅ v ÅÆ %Ç%ÈÉ
õöh÷
õ
IU?GKJL@:NMPOQF@@:SR„IU=IDVS:WXKY¼?BA[?@?BY`R
ëê
FQGH:;>=?@?ACD?=E
ID=IUVS:<XKYZ?BA[?@?,Y`R
ë
0.8
χ
1
χ
0.6
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.2
χ
0
0
1
2
3
4
RSB-order
5
6
1
2
3
4
5
RSB-order
Ê X
¢ ›£¥¨§ª›fš6¬;©&¤.Q§<£.¨XÀ¹¯h¶A¨A¸p§ª£.©˜¨A³§<¢Xš6©˜¶XÀ&¢§ª¢X›ËA«˜›:¤.© ¡b›³ª§C©&št´X›fšt³F©&¯Ì®ÍYÎÏ´Y©'¨X©&§Ð˜›f§Q¤¥¤.©¡2§v©'¬Aš6› ´X£¥¸p§§<¢X›¤. štÀQ›
©Qšr´Y›šFÃ[›¢Xf«Y£.©˜¶Xš…¨X›fQš prqLsNt Ã^¶Y§Qš6›?š6›¤¥£. Ã^¤.›£¥¨¬Aš6› ´X£¥¸p§<£¥¨YÀÑ»ª¿^©&š…Òf»Ì®ÍYÎÓ«&¤.¶X›³Á¯Ä©&š£¾œž¬Aš6©«˜›´±¸Ô¤¦&¸Ô¶A¤¦Q§<£.©&¨A³
©Q¯Â§<¢Y›ž´Y› ¨X³<£.§wÐj©&¯Â³ª§ª §ª›³¯h©Qš…›f½e˜œž¬A¤.›˜Õ
6
D
z|{~}€/{
ŽIÖ2יˆ
’Ž‘”
‚1Žœz
•™ƒ”
{$’iˆÙØ
Žœ‚
{~ˆ
˜€ˆª‡{
ÚۘÜÞÝ
0.4
ρ(ε)
0.3
0.2
0.1
-1
-2
1
0
ε
2
ρ(ε)
3
GEL
0.2
1
0.15
2
0
0.1
3
4
ρ (0)|ε|
0.05
-0.75
-0.5
-0.25
0
0.25
0.5
0.75
8jß4¾o'À¼Ð#-әS!(7ÍÌw!~-""!'¼Ú,56à…á~Á785`¾¡"!N#&'½Åd78-ÂÀD#&"7¼!£¿Q'^#
̬''`!~'À¼Ð#ÄÅd78"!N#yÀ¼!(ÁâiNúÄûü¡à]½'5+(- #
ã[FQ@â]MŽã¡@@?GKJ
IUá@=jY¼?áG…áâ'ä õPðøö%å
é
U
æ çè
Á
R­éëê õPðøö abW ð
ã¡G?,YD:Óï~=KAA¡FQCDH?G/YD:WCZFVSYZ?áG…FHHI$ã[FQCDHÊJ/FdX
IÍX[?GJL@FIUI×X[IÍ:=HáQJ/FQX
õ áâÄY¼ãK:
áâðß?HjYZã
è WâeáQC‹ì
ñ™ò*ó
ô
FQCDá=GH
CZFGKJ:SMânCU:W:óòFô~ME1áiHK:<@ ö
YZãK:ÓõÖânCZáIMQòiãCöj@áoOjI˜öj??:÷á=@áEïA„J/FQX
?G
å
ε
ô0å¸èíå0î
òåñî
CU:IÍ:<EïA[@:<I
íÂø
ù6úAû®üýYþÿü®ý;ü^û
dÿùtþCüXÿ,ü7ü6ý²ú;ùŽÿ!µù…ý^ùŽÿ²ú;ù"#
$!µù%&²ú':ü(
ü)[þÿ!*tý
=ü_ù/8²ú)7ü^ú
+
ü_ùÔÿ-,.ýXûÿù/²úPùtúeÿ!ý0pù"1!3240!ü_ùÔù/!65Xü_ù(üXüIúeÿ!7!
ÿ!7íþ#9#
Ùùtúÿ!ý:²ú;ù2;<²ú
H û95I5Yÿ²ú)Jµùfü^úÿ,ù"1!
ÿ!7þ#9#
”ùfü^ú
”ÿ
,
ü=dÿ!> ü?@Apù"=ü^úÿ!?ùCBDE,.7üF(Gpùtþ
KL åNMPO.QSR0TVQXU W TRYW
Z\[]^_`Eab^_8[dcfeJg
0.3
aihj[
Z\[klc^&aEm
eJg
cna`dai[dc
ä õPðøö
4RSB
3RSB
2RSB
1RSB
ρ (ε)
0.2
0.1
0
-0.1
-0.2
1
0
2
YZãK:âã[CDIÍYHK:WCD?BOQFdYZ?BO:uáâºY¼ãK:~HK:<GID?,Y`R
FlY
òå0î
÷
Gi=E
=GHK:WC$?GVSCU:(FQID?GKJJpëòq
4
3
áâyIY8FlYZ:<I$o7ä ì
o
ò
ε
VWáGLOL:<CUJ:<IxâeFIYÞYZáïFÓã¡G?BYD:uOQF@=K:
M^áCDHK:WC
:WCD?V<F@·:SOj?HK:<GVW:äâ²áC×YZãK:åFIRjE
XKYZáQYZ?V~A·:ã[FOj?á=KC
ä õò8öGr
s ò!s
‘
"эÅ(-"'`5ÜÀÏ-78»NÀ¼½e#%(ÑÐÀ¼--ÓÖÁ(Û¼'`½»¼'`!N#æ5e-"78Åd'*7¼)>#&%('±8*½''`!u),+(!(Ð#"78!ßÀZ#º#%('rÝo'`½Ñ-'Û8'-
‘
¿SӍэ'À¼!5¬7¼)#%('nt
À¼½eÁ×"Á'`!N#& #
ÓÞ),78½·ÐP%(À¼½»8'ÄÐ`78!5'`½²ÛZÀZ#&78!#%("5·À¼-"5e7Ö½e'`5+-#&5¡"!×À
Á( Û8'½»8'!S#·Û8'½e#&'f
0.8
ρ (ε)
4RSB
0.6
3RSB
0.4
2RSB
0.2
1RSB
0
-0.2
-0.4
0
1
2
3
#%('r¿Q'5e#y¹(#w),+(!(Ð#"78!ë@_+Ä(?“+u-;+wvxÁ“”-_+zyxy#&%(½e78+(»8%{| |BË}xPÕºÀZ#w#&%('r»NÀ¼Åß'`Á»8'`5nxºÙ
{| |Bˁx·ÙÿNÕ¬½e'`ÑÀ¼"!(5·¹o!(#'3"!~.10324
ε4
Ô>~: €*5e+(»8»8'5e#5Ä#&%(ÀZ#
’i”
8‚š˜
0.25
ˆªƒz
†Šˆ
ž“Ž
•š–”
Öˆ
’Žœ”
{$’iˆ9Ø
Žœ‚

Ö
Žœ•™
‚1Žœz
{~ˆù˜€ˆ“‡{
ÚۘÜ
ˆª—
ÝP#±

H
J
K
ρ(ε)
0.2
0.15
‹‰ŒŽ
0.1
ƒ„*…‡†‰ˆŠ
0.05
0
-4
-2
0
4
2
ε
Y‘’&“•”–!—}˜‘’<™™š’<š›œX‘.žŸ–¡ n›Y‘˜I‘’<›$.¢G£¤™‰–›'¥’V‘:¦’&’<’&§˜%¨0‘•—Xž;©š–<¦ª«!¬­V®*¯\­°˜%š™
‘±š’²’<‰’&“)³%žŸ“•˜%‰³!’´ µ–!“¶¦ª±·œ}¨±J¸!¹º»Aœ›’V¼*’<¨0‘•œX½!’—Xž;’V§˜%¨0‘
¾I¿-ÀÂÁÄÃ0ÁÄÅ/¾I¿-ŝÃÆÀYÇÀÂÁÉÈ0ʟ¿-ÇVË1ÀYÁÉÌÃ0ÆͪÃÁÄÀÎÏÍÄÀYÁÉÌ0ÀÂÐÏVʟÅÂÎѶÒ%Ã0ÁÉ¿-ÍÉÎÇJÎÓÔË1¾IÀŝÃÆ-ÅÂÕIÆÖÃËÄÀÂÐ;×ÌÀØÆ-ÎÙÚÀYÍÉËÛÔÜÝÞ
Î0ÁÄÐÀYÁÄÍÂß%ÓÎÁ7Ùà¾I¿-Å/¾ØÃ'ÅYÀÂÁ"Ë/Ã0¿Ç°×Ç¿ËÄÀFÛÔÜIÝ*ÞáÎÁÉÐÀÂÁà¿-ÍàÃÆ-ѶÎÍÉË>À Ã0ÅYË
0.25
0.2
ρ(ε)
0.15
U=1
0.1
0.05
U=0
0
-4
-2
0
2
4
ε
U
âãäæå7çYåÂäéèê%ëÉìIí0î
ïØ𚥚¥š˜“)™@±‰˜“)™³¡˜”–¡ ¦ªœ}™‰‘±+ñò¨’<‘’&“•’<™ó˜I‘ôÚ¯\­° µ–!“±š˜—} àõö—}—}œ‰³
÷ –½!’<›'˜I”·˜“‘¶‘•±‰’´›Â”·œó³!—˜%››$”·›Â’<𷙉–¡³!˜I”8›±‰–!ð·—}™‰’<“)›
øù
¨–!·›Y‘“ðš¨0‘•œX½!’›ð‰”’&“•”–›Âœ‘•œ–!ó–¡ n¥–%‘•±J³!˜I”#›
øù
“•˜%·™‰– ÷ ‰’›Â›ª–¡ >‘•±š’²œ‘’<“•˜%¨0‘œ}–!Ÿœ‘•›Y’— ਖ!‘“)œ¥#ð‘’<›G‘–i˜Ÿúû™š’&’&”’&“Cœ}·›ðš—˜I‘•œ}š³‰ú·›Y‘˜I‘’
²ÿ
²ÿ  þàÿü¶ü!"$#% Âý& '#ý&'²ÿ'ÿ(#ý&#
ý)*+ ,' ¶
üÂÿ,-'+²ÿ. ÿ/103254
üÂý°þàÿü
0.6
a)
4RSB
0.4
Re{G(ε )}
0.2
0
-0.2
-0.4
U=0
ε
-0.6
-4
-2
0
4
2
Re{G(ε )}
0.6
b)
0.4
0.2
0
U=0
-0.2
U=1
-0.4
6 ÌÃ0ÆÕ%ÃË1ÀYÐ ÍÉÒÀYÅYËÄÁ1Ã0Æ&ÁÄÀYÒÁÄÀYÍÄÀYÇ&Ë1ÃË1¿ÎÇ87 ¬:9V®*¯<;)=?DFE>A@C@HB GJI ¿ÇLKNMLO
PRQšÃ0Æ-ѶÎÍÉˉ¿ÐÀÂÇVËÄ¿-ŝÃεÆ0Ùà¿Ëľ ¿Ç&ËÄÀÂÁÉÒÎÆ-ÃË1ÀYÐ
SRT O·ÞáѶÎÐIÀÂÆVU‰Æ¿-ÇÀÂÃ0Á ÏÀY¾%ÝÌ<¿-ÎÕÁFÎ0Ó «!¬ô/® ÓÎÁFÍÄѪÃ0Æ-Æ ô ¿-ѶÒÆ¿-ÀÂÍ ÆÎÈVÃ0ÁÉ¿ËľѪ¿ÅGпûÌÀYÁÄÈÀYÇÅÂÀªÎ0ÓWM$XY74ÇÀÂÃ0Á
-0.6
-4
-2
0
4
2
Z ÀYÁÄѶ¿Æ-À.ÌÀÂÆ
0.4
0.75
0
i G(i ε)
1
0.5
2
0.2
3
e
4
0.25
U=1
-0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2
0
0
0
-0.25
Re{G(E)}
1/E
-0.2
-0.5
U=0 (IPMdos)
U=0 (4RSB)
4
0
-0.75
-5
-10
5
0
Q
10
E
[
-0.4
\MLO
P ÍÉÒ¿^]ÀÂÍ
ÆÀYÓXË Íľ¿ûÓXËÃ0ÇÐÍÄÕÒÒIÁÄÀÂÍÉÍÄ¿ÎÇÎ0Ӛ×%Ç¿ûË1À:ÞáÍÉËÄÀÂÒ
-4
-2
`_
ba
¯\­
2
4
¬ ÅYÎÁÄÁÉÀÂÍÄÒ!ÎÇÐI¿-ÇÈ'Ë1Î'ÈVÃ0Ò°ÀYÐÈÀÂÍÎ0ӚË1¾À
ε
ST O
/MLO
PRU#ÁÉ¿-ȾVËQ ÒIÁÄÎÒ%ÃÈVÃË1Î0Á ÓÎÁ
ÃÇаÁÄÀÂѶÎÌÃ0ÆÎ0ӚË1¾ÀFÍÄ¿ÇÈÕÆ-Ã0Á7ÍÉÆ-ÎÒ!ÀFÃË
Ibc ÏVÊCËľÀ/dnÕÏÏÃ0ÁÄÐÈVÃ0Ò
¿Çb¾I¿-ȾÀYÁFÎÁÄÐÀYÁ Ã0ÇÐE¾¿-ÀYÁ1Ã0ÁÉÅ/¾¿-ÅÂÃ0ÆÁ1Ã0ÇIÈÀÂÍ Î0ÓÚÌÃ0Æ¿-пûËáÊÎÓÚ×%Ç¿ûË1À'ÎÁÉÐÀÂÁ
¿ÑÃÈ¿-Ç%ÃÁÉÊ'ÓÁÄÀ <ÕIÀÂÇÅY¿-ÀÂÍnÃË
0
®
a possible METAL INSULATOR TRANSITION scenario
A FERMION HOPPING MECHANISM MUST BE EXPECTED TO FILL THE
PSEUDOGAP GRADUALLY. THE SHAPE DETERMINED BEFORE FOR THE
LOCALIZED MODEL WILL BE CRUCIAL FOR THIS FILLING.
THE METAL INSULATOR TRANSITION CAN NATURALLY BE EXPECTED TO
OCCUR AT A CRITICAL FILLING AND A CRITICAL FINITE DENSITY OF
STATES AT THE FERMI LEVEL.
AS IN THE CASE OF A DISORDERED SYSTEM WITH COULOMB INTERACTION
(MOTT-ANDERSON TRANSITION) THIS VALUE COULD BECOME ZERO DUE
TO CRITICAL DEPLETION OF STATES, WHICH IS HOWEVER A DIMENSIONDEPENDENT EFFECT. IN THE COULOMB CASE, THE CRITICAL EXPONENT OF
THE DOS-DEPLETION
AT THE FERMI LEVEL DEPENDS ON SPACE
DIMENSION AS FOR EXAMPLE PROPOSED IN AN (D-2)-EXPANSION (R.O.,
Z.Phys.B49, 273 (1983)).
LOCALIZATION BY MEANS OF DISORDER CAN BE VIEWED HERE AS A
CONSEQUENCE OF MAGNETIC MOMENTS WITH POSITIONAL DISORDER
(but this type of disorder - in contrast to independent random potentials - is an interaction
effect and the competition with quantum dynamical transport can change and suppress the
moments at zero temperature in a magnetic quantum phase transition. The breakdown of
magnetic order removes this particular source of localization.)
fp?e q fe× m”ëhrŽgfi vt ŠŽ×k• j êêXçl`lëhgXèfmonbp?qrstvuw¶çÂånvmVgyxzuz{|uz}~h~h€{h‚„ƒ Ù xzuz{…†‚|‡‡?}|ˆ Ù p?q7èfe`m,‰‹Šx × äæèfeYäæåŒtvŠNŽ‡`ƒ‚ ّ l}h€F{h~“’^} Ùj ån
è Yäæê
*è

Podobné dokumenty

abcde6 fg^h

abcde6 fg^h ¬I®bq±z# y+$ ´3rµ¶·ZE ¸ ¹ Ÿ º » Ž  # 8 H I ® b ¼ + &½ ¾ '$ ‘’u‰Š¤# 23VW$%&IoJb¿ 3 &Àt'$ Á Z Ã Ä Å Æ 8 „ Ç È É É &ÊË'#

Více

关于《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》的说明

关于《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》的说明 "#$ÖÁ%¹&¸'5$($)«*+«,\l]^ÀlzÅÆÇ$ÈÉÊ˧ÌÍÎDYôEW1dg…/ž78,¦µ×¹,ËÏb¨ ÐÑñŒ/1ÒÓ¹>)Ï«žC¨ûÔ6?rÆK ð¦˜=ÕÏ«Ûh?À«•xr«µ¼K \MNZ™lÖ×˧×XY̚ôØCü\LS\ü."PñÙÚ\Œt\þíÞK tQˌۏ

Více

!`()*+",

!`()*+", Gd´Ø+rs/kldSÈÉÊýµ»µ ¼ () rÙڄÛÄ£¶ *#++ ‘d ÜžÝ ÄŽ ÂúÞßTÅàáâdãf\ ,%% ä 0 "%% äÌl+»µ¼©î(dåæ+ç èéMß\eê0ëêìŽ €ñåæX ídîï[\ðÂñÍdmŒ£ö·¸òód ôNÎõöbš³+÷Ý\Højõd¨ Œ0ù6åæ,¯dïú\8û­š´¯ µŽ xö¹8ºüL—dýVþ‡‘ÿ

Více

无中生有巧立名目

无中生有巧立名目 å?V?Nå·åÙÚ: i[Œ5¤ ÛJj¬5CN e%k·åÚ3ÌN å„îïþ: ÿ8*׳hhÔ?x ØÈÕ@”A:íšMŠó:š›ÛÔ 5CNÛԆšº‘6k׳:.WT 5C_5M_5¢:ËMœ%“·à ™J„îÔ$Ñ: ·åÙÚͤY¬ ¾œN x†·å|ÖBhkãäó°C

Více

ZNALECKY POSUDEK

ZNALECKY POSUDEK PLdnateh ocenaol je poenek pec.a- 1049/1, k.n. Kozovdy, ob€c Vys€hotovice. letici a6sti v alavilelnio lani ob.e, .a svemin okmji obce. Poumel je v katasrru n€novitosti vede.ijako omd pnda, dle plai...

Více

Slabikář kvantové mechaniky

Slabikář kvantové mechaniky zaz’x>ì>í{½ Ç=ÄÀ î »„¼ ¿‡¿WÝe¿Lï ¼t½ Ä »£ð Ýeñ ð Ô$Õ-Ç À » ÃJÄè¿ x y¹ ÖYׅ“HP-³”ph[=gJ[:P1¢LÌ Ì*Ú-x

Více

Projekt LC506 – Recentní dynamika Země (výsledky roku 2007)

Projekt LC506 – Recentní dynamika Země (výsledky roku 2007) připraven a schopen provádět rutinní analýzy na bázi týdenních řešení. Analytický koordinátor IDS ve spolupráci s řídícím výborem nepovažoval tříměsíční kampaň za dostatečně průkaznou a stanovil sr...

Více

navrhování ocelových a dřevěných konstrukcí podle evropských

navrhování ocelových a dřevěných konstrukcí podle evropských NAVRHOVÁNÍ OCELOVÝCH A DŘEVĚNÝCH KONSTRUKCÍ PODLE EVROPSKÝCH NOREM

Více